200 N 7th St, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
George Grover was born on March 24, 1820, in Bloomington, Indiana, United States; the fifth son of John and Rachel (Seaman) Wright. He had a difficult childhood. His father died when he was five, and an illness left him with a permanent limp.
The county chose George to attend Indiana State University in Terre Haute, Indiana, United States, free of tuition fees, and the other students referred to him as a “charity scholar.” George graduated in 1839 and then studied law at Rockville, Indiana, under his brother Joseph A. Wright, later a U.S. congressman, governor, and U.S. senator from Indiana.
In 1840 Wright was admitted to the bar and then settled at Keosauqua, Iowa, where he practiced law. In 1845 Wright was appointed prosecuting attorney for Van Buren County. Then, in 1848, he was the Whig candidate for the state senate. His Democratic opponent was none other than his father-in-law. Wright emerged victoriously. In 1850 he was a member of the Joint Committee on the Revision of Laws and was prominent in the making of the Iowa Code of 1851. He was responsible for the provision abolishing prison sentences for debt and for the “homestead exemption,” which prevented the sale of a homestead for debt.
Wright was nominated in 1850 as In 1853 he received the votes of the Whig members of the Iowa legislature to be U.S. senator, but was again defeated. However, in 1855 he was elected chief justice of the Iowa Supreme Court. Wright served on the court first as a Whig and then as a Republican until 1870, with a six-month break in 1860. He was chief justice for six years in all.
During Wright’s tenure, the court had to contend with great changes, such as the Code of 1851, the Constitution of 1857, the revised Code of 1860, the new banking system, and the development of railway corporations. Wright wrote many leading opinions on such legal matters as contracts, family law, libel, procedure, and the local option law. The distinguished Judge John F. Dillon wrote of Wright in 1898: “He had no equal among the State’s chief justices or judges in her judicial history.” Dillon pointed to Wright’s zeal and conscientiousness, his knowledge of statute law and judicial decisions, and his outstanding executive ability.
In 1870 Wright was elected to the U.S. Senate and resigned from the supreme court. In the Senate, he served on the Judiciary, Finance, Civil Service, and Revision of the Law committees, and chaired the committees on claims and retrenchment and reform. He was very active in 1876 at the time of the disputed presidential election between Hayes and Tilden. He strongly supported the congressional electoral commission that resolved the election in Hayes’s favor. Among Wright’s principal causes in the Senate was the expansion of paper currency to develop the West.
In 1877 Wright declined reelection to the Senate, and with his son, Thomas founded the law firm of Wright, Gatch, and Wright. In 1879 he became a director of the Chicago and Rock Island Railroad Company. Then, in 1882, he retired from his law practice and became president of both the Polk County Savings Bank and the Security Loan and Trust Company.
Undoubtedly, one of Wright’s proudest achievements was founding, with Judge Chester Cole, the Iowa Law School at Des Moines in 1865. In 1868 it became the law department of the State University of Iowa in Iowa City. Except for his years in Washington, D.C., Wright lectured there until the end of his long life. He gave his final lecture, “The Pioneer Bar of Iowa,” just months before his death.
From 1871 George was a member of the United States Senate (Republican) from Iowa, opposed liquor trade in territories, urged expansion of paper currency.
Wright was a much-loved man, especially by his students. On one occasion, arriving at the Iowa City railway station to lecture, he found his students gathered on the platform. They chorused a fitting epitaph:
Rah! Rah! Rah!
Law! Law! Law!
Who’s All Right?
George G. Wright, George G. Wright! Judge Wright!
In 1843 George married Hannah Mary, the daughter of Thomas H. Dibble, who had been a New York legislator and was later elected to the 1846 Iowa constitutional convention. The couple had seven children.
