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(Georgi Dimitrov (1882-1949) was a high-ranking Bulgarian ...)
Georgi Dimitrov (1882-1949) was a high-ranking Bulgarian and Soviet official, one of the most prominent leaders of the international communist movement and a trusted member of Stalin's inner circle. Accused by the Nazis of setting the Reichstag fire in 1933, he successfully defended himself at the Leipzig Trial and thereby became an international symbol of resistance to Nazism. Stalin appointed him head of the Communist International (Comintern) in 1935, and he held this position until the Comintern's dissolution in 1943. After the end of World War II, Dimitrov returned to Bulgaria and became its first communist premier. During the years between 1933 and his death in 1949, Dimitrov kept a diary that described his tumultuous career and revealed much about the inner working of the international communist organizations, the opinions and actions of the Soviet leadership, and the Soviet Union's role in shaping the postwar Eastern Europe. This document, edited and introduced by historian Ivo Banac, is available in English in this volume. It is a useful source for information about international Communism, Stalin and Soviet policy, and the origins of the Cold War.
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Dimitrov was born in Kovachevtsi in today's Pernik Province, the first of eight children, to working class parents from Pirin Macedonia (a mother from Bansko and a father from Razlog). His mother, Parashkeva Doseva, was a Protestant Christian, and his family is sometimes described as Protestant. The family moved to Radomir and then to Sofia.
Dimitrov trained as a composer and became active in the labor movement in the Bulgarian capital.
A printer and trade union leader, Dimitrov led the Bulgarian socialist parliamentary opposition to the voting of national war credits in 1915, and he played a major role in the formation of the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1919. Briefly imprisoned for sedition in 1918, he later journeyed to the Soviet Union, where he was elected to the executive committee of the Comintern (Communist International) in 1921. In 1923 he led a communist uprising in Bulgaria that provoked ferocious government reprisals. Under sentence of death, he was forced to live abroad, from 1929 in Berlin as head of the central European section of the Comintern. After the Reichstag fire of Feb. 27, 1933, which provided Adolf Hitler, the newly appointed German chancellor, with an excuse for a decree outlawing his communist opponents, Dimitrov was accused with other communist leaders of plotting the fire.
At his trial Dimitrov thoroughly bested the Nazi prosecution and won acquittal. He settled in Moscow and, as secretary-general of the Comintern’s executive committee (1935–43), encouraged the formation of popular-front movements against the Nazi menace, except when his patron, Joseph Stalin, and Hitler were cooperating. During 1944 he directed the resistance to Bulgaria’s Axis satellite government, and in 1945 he returned to Bulgaria, where he was immediately appointed prime minister of a communist-dominated Fatherland Front government. Assuming dictatorial control of political affairs, he effected the communist consolidation of power that culminated in the formation of a Bulgarian People’s Republic in 1946.
(Georgi Dimitrov (1882-1949) was a high-ranking Bulgarian ...)
Dimitrov joined the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party in 1902, and in 1903 followed Dimitar Blagoev and his wing, as it formed the Social Democratic Labour Party of Bulgaria ("The Narrow Party"). This party became the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1919, when it affiliated to Bolshevism and the Comintern.
In 1906, Dimitrov married his first wife, Serbian emigrant milliner, writer and socialist Ljubica Ivošević, with whom he lived until her death in 1933. While in the Soviet Union, Dimitrov married his second wife, the Czech-born Roza Yulievna Fleishmann (1896-1958), who gave birth to his only son, Mitya, in 1936. The boy died at age seven of diphtheria. While Mitya was alive, Dimitrov adopted Fani, a daughter of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China.
She was a Serbian emigrant milliner, writer and socialist Ljubica Ivošević. They lived until her death in 1933.
She was the Czech-born Roza. She gave birth to his only son, Mitya, in 1936. The boy died at age seven of diphtheria. While Mitya was alive, Dimitrov adopted Fani, a daughter of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China.
