Stavros was born in Ioannina, Epirus, a major intellectual center of the Greek world then under Ottoman rule. Stavros, later moved to Vienna in order to take over the commercial business of his father, while studying at the local business school.
He studied in renowned schools of his home town, such as the Balaneios and then the Kaplaneios, under Athanasios Psalidas.
He was one of the founders and the first governor of the National Bank of Greece. Because of his profession he had to travel in various European cities. In Saint St. Petersburg, he met Ioannis Kapodistrias, that time a diplomat in the service of the Russian Empire, that would play a key role in the Greek politics the following years.
Shortly after the outbreak of the (1821) he supported the uprising by supplying the revolutionaries with firearms, ammunition and food.
In 1824 Stavros moved to Greece and the next year he was appointed Chief Cashier of the Executive body of the First Hellenic Republic, under Georgios Kountouriotis. Apart from his financial duties, he joined the armed struggle against the Ottoman Empire by leading an infantry group against Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
He held the rank of Chiliarchos and was in charge of 50 men in central Greece, in order to support the defenders of Missolonghi during its Third Siege. Stavros participated in the Third National Assembly at Troezen (1827) as representative of the regions of Epirus and Central Greece, as well as in the Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion (1831), as representative of Epirus.
During Kapodistrias" premiership (1828–1831), he participated in the three-member Economic Committee that was responsible for the operation of the first state bank of Greece, the National Financial Bank (Greek: Εθνική Χρηματιστική Τράπεζα), which issued money, the Phoenix, and securities.
After the assassination of Kapodistrias, Greece came under the rule of King Otto. During this period Stavros, became a key figure in the establishment of the National Bank of Greece and was its first governor, elected in 1842. The National Bank of Greece was the sole institution that would issue banknotes in Greece (Drachmas) for the next 87 years.
Until his death, Stavros laid the foundations for the organization and expansion of the Bank, due to experience gained from his business in Vienna as well as the guidance offered by the Swiss banker, Jean-Gabriel Eynard.
Stavros remained in this post until his death in 1869. At his own expense, Stavros established an orphanage in his home town of Ioannina.
His portrait is displayed on various pre-1932 Greek banknotes.
Stavros soon became a member of the patriotic organization Filiki Eteria.
