Background
Giulio Alberoni was born near Piacenza, probably at the village of Fiorenzuola d'Arda in the Duchy of Parma. He was the son of Giovanni degli Alberoni, gardener, and Laura Ferrari, stapler. The couple had six children.
(Excerpt from Lettres Intimes de J. M. Alberoni Adressées ...)
Excerpt from Lettres Intimes de J. M. Alberoni Adressées au Comte I. Rocca, Ministre des Finances du Duc de Parme Et Publiées d'Après le Manuscrit du Collège de S. Lazaro Alberoni Alberoni passa, en 1702, sur la scène de la politique générale, et ne la quitta plus. On le vit en Italie, puis en Flandre, à la cour de France, en Espagne enfin. Et, grâce à ses lettres, sorte de journal intime qu Il commença à la même époque, nous pouvons reconstituer les étapes de ses voyages, l'état de ses relations et de sa caisse, les détours, les arrêts, les retours savamment ménagés de sa fortune, la suite de ses desseins. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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( This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923....)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Testament Politique... Recueilli De Divers Mémoires, Lettres Et Entretiens De Son Eminence, Par Monsignor A. M. Trad. De L'italien Par Le C. De R. B. M. Première et Seconde Partie; Testament Politique... Recueilli De Divers Mémoires, Lettres Et Entretiens De Son Eminence, Par Monsignor A. M. Trad. De L'italien Par Le C. De R. B. M. Première et Seconde Partie; Giulio Alberoni Giulio Alberoni Marc Michel Bousquet, 1754
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections
such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact,
or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections,
have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works
worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
++++
The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification:
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Cardinal Alberoni's Scheme For Reducing The Turkish Empire To The Obedience Of Christian Princes: And For A Partition Of The Conquests: Together With A Scheme Of A Perpetual Dyet For Establishing The Publick Tranquility
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Testament Politique Du Cardinal Alberoni Joseph M. Durey de Morsan, Jean Henri Maubert de Gouvest, Giulio Alberoni Bousquet, 1753
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Giulio Alberoni was born near Piacenza, probably at the village of Fiorenzuola d'Arda in the Duchy of Parma. He was the son of Giovanni degli Alberoni, gardener, and Laura Ferrari, stapler. The couple had six children.
Alberoni was educated by the Jesuits.
He took holy orders, and in 1698 was appointed a canon at Parma, in Italy. In 1702 the government of Parma sent him on a diplomatic mission to Louis-Joseph, Duke de Vendôme, commander of French forces in Italy during the War of the Spanish Succession. Taken by Vendôme to France as secretary in 1706 and to Spain (1711), he nevertheless continued as an agent of Parma. After Vendôme’s death (1712), Alberoni remained in Madrid, becoming the official representative of Parma the following year. He negotiated the marriage of Philip V of Spain to Elizabeth (Isabella) Farnese, daughter of the Duke of Parma. His influence at the Spanish court increased steadily, and by 1716 he was exercising the powers of a premier.
Alberoni continued the administrative centralization and fiscal reform begun by the French economist Jean Orry, who exercised considerable influence in the government of Spain during the first years of Bourbon rule there. He also encouraged the establishment of industry through tariff reform and the importation of foreign craftsmen. His outstanding achievement, however, was the diminution of the royal councils—centres of aristocratic opposition to reform—which he accomplished through a series of decrees in 1717. His foreign policy was designed to drive the Austrians from Italy and to safeguard Spanish trade with its American colonies. The Spanish military expeditions to Sardinia (1717) and Sicily (1718) that led to war with the Quadruple Alliance (Great Britain, France, Austria, and the United Provinces), which he regarded as premature, resulted from a policy imposed on him by the queen. The defeat of Spanish forces during the Franco-British invasion of Spain resulted in his banishment in 1719.
Alberoni fled from Spain to Italy, where (having been made a cardinal in 1717) he took part in the conclave that elected Pope Innocent XIII in 1721; he was later acquitted by a papal inquiry into charges brought against him by Spain. He became legate of Ravenna in 1735 and of Bologna in 1740.
He died in 1752 leaving a sum of 600, 000 ducats to endow the seminary he had founded.
( This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923....)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(Excerpt from Lettres Intimes de J. M. Alberoni Adressées ...)
Alberoni was a gourmet. Interspersed in his official correspondence with Parma are requests for local delicacies triffole (truffles), salame, robiola cheeses, and agnolini (kind of pasta). The pork dish "Coppa del Cardinale", a specialty of Piacenza, is named for him. A "timballo Alberoni" combines maccaroni, shrimp sauce, mushrooms, butter and cheese.