Background
He was born in Sheffield, the son of a mechanical engineer, and educated at Repton School and Corpus Christi, Cambridge.
He was born in Sheffield, the son of a mechanical engineer, and educated at Repton School and Corpus Christi, Cambridge.
He studied medicine at the Middlesex Hospital Medical School and was awarded Bachelor of Medicine BChir in 1948.
From 1940 to 1947 he served with the Royal Army Medical Corps, retiring as a lieutenant-colonel. He was awarded an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for his military work in the provision of blood for transfusions throughout Europe and the Middle East. On his return to Britain he was appointed to the post of founding director of the Ciba Foundation (now Novartis Foundation), an organisation established to encourage international co-operation in scientific research.
He was president of the Royal Society of Medicine from 1975 to 1977, Harveian Librarian of the Royal College of Physicians from 1979 to 1989 and Master of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries from 1979 to 1980.
He was knighted in 1976.