Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota, in the Years 1855-'56-'57
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An Account of the Operations of the Fifth Army Corps (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from An Account of the Operations of the Fifth Ar...)
Excerpt from An Account of the Operations of the Fifth Army Corps
I felt, though denied the official investigation which I had 'applied for, that I could leave my justification before the public to the ultimate publication of the Official reports. I trusted, too, that Gen. Sheridan's report would do me justice, and that he could not fail in it to acknowledge that his treat ment Of me was hasty and based on erroneous impressions. The publication of this report, dated May 16, in the Official Gazette,disappointed this hope, for therein, as far as mention is made of me, it is in terms of disparagement and in efforts to justify his inconsiderate action.
After this publication I thought the investigation I sought could not long be denied, and I have remained silent till now, fully believing an impartial investigation would relieve me Of the imputations of Gen. Sheridan, and place just. Censure on those by whom I have been wronged.
To bring my professional grievances before the public is a thing from which I have shrunk, and I do not do so now from any love of controversy. If circumstances were different I should be glad to avoid it; but the facts being little known and understood, and there being many misrepresentations, I am under this necessity. I have, therefore, prepared the follow ing narrative of facts in much detail, so that each one can ex amine and judge for himself, as, I presume, all fair-minded men, whose time will permit, will gladly do.
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Proceedings, Findings, And Opinions Of The Court Of Inquiry: 1st-55th Day, Dec. 11, 1879-july 14, 1880
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Findings of the Court of Inquiry, and Reviews of the Judge-Advocate-General and of the General of the Army, in the Case of Major-General G.K. Warren
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Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota, in the Years 1855-'56-'57
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Findings of the Court of Inquiry, and Reiews of the Judge-Advocate-General and of the General (Classic Reprint)
(The undersigned certifies that the papers which follow ar...)
The undersigned certifies that the papers which follow are trae extracts from the record of the Ooart of Inquiry in the case of Brevet Mor-G eneral G. K. Warren, U. S. A., late commanding Fifth Army Corps. LOOMIS L. LANGDON, Bvt. l Aeut Col, U, S, A,, Becorder of the Court. Washington Barrcuik StJ anuary 29, 1833.
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Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota, in the Years 1855-'56-'57
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56th-107th Day, Oct. 1, 1880-nov. 8, 1881. Report And Opinion Of The Court. Reports Of D.g. Swain, Judge-advocate-general And Of W.t. Sherman, General ... To Be Appended To The Record Of Proceedings
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Gouverneur Kemble Warren was a civil engineer and Union Army general during the American Civil War.
Background
Gouverneur Kemble Warren was born in Cold Spring, N. Y. , across the Hudson from West Point, the son of Sylvanus Warren, a close personal friend of Washington Irving and a prominent citizen of Putnam County. Fourth of twelve children, the lad was named for Gouverneur Kemble, proprietor of a foundry at Cold Spring and sometime member of the House of Representatives.
Education
After some instruction in his native town and at Kinsley's School across the Hudson, Warren at sixteen was appointed to the United States Military Academy, with the admonition from Kemble: "We expect you to rank, at graduation, not lower than second. " Carrying out instructions literally, he finished number two in his class, July 1, 1850.
Career
He was appointed brevet second lieutenant in the restricted Corps of Topographical Engineers. During the next four years he served successively as assistant engineer on the survey of the Delta of the Mississippi River, member of the board for the improvement of the canal around the Falls of the Ohio, head of surveys for the improvement of Rock Island and Des Moines Rapids, and, with Capt. A. A. Humphreys, as compiler of maps and reports of the Pacific Railroad exploration. Promoted second lieutenant, September 1, 1854, he was chief topographical engineer of the Sioux Expedition of 1855, receiving his baptism of fire on September 3, in the battle of the Blue Water. Promoted first lieutenant, July 1, 1856, he was engaged in making maps and reconnaissances of Dakota Territory and Nebraska Territory until August 1859, when he was detailed as assistant professor of mathematics at the Military Academy. The opening of the Civil War found him still teaching at West Point, but on May 14, 1861, he became lieutenant-colonel of the 5th New York Volunteers, seeing action at Big Bethel Church, June 10, and subsequently aiding in the construction of defenses around Baltimore and Washington. He was promoted colonel of his regiment August 31, and captain of topographical engineers, United States Army, September 9. In the Peninsular campaign of 1862 he was engaged in the siege of Yorktown and commanded a brigade at Pamunky River and Hanover Court House (May 26, 27). He was wounded at Gaines's Mill, June 27, and brevetted lieutenant-colonel, United States Army, for gallant and meritorious service in that battle. Four days later he commanded the force that repulsed Wise's division at Malvern Hill, and the next day participated in the engagement at Harrison's Landing. He took part in the second battle of Bull Run and the skirmish at Centerville (August 30, September 1, 1862), and commanded a brigade in the Maryland campaign and its sequel, from Antietam to Falmouth, Va. (September-November 1862). Promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, September 26, he served at the battle of Fredericksburg in December. As chief topographical engineer of the Army of the Potomac from Feburary 4, 1863, he saw action in May at Orange Pike, Marye Heights, and Salem. He was promoted major-general of volunteers June 3, 1863, and served as chief engineer, Army of the Potomac, from June 8 to August 12, 1863. It was at Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) that he rendered his most distinguished service. On the second day of that vital struggle, sent at his own suggestion by Meade to examine the Union left, he discovered that Little Round Top, the commanding position, was undefended except for a few signalers. He perceived Longstreet's threat and, intercepting some of Sickles' supports and Sykes's troops on the Peach Orchard road, practically commandeered them for the defense of the hill, just in time to keep Little Round Top from falling into the hands of the Confederates. Had this critical point been taken by Longstreet, it is agreed that the whole Union army would have been forced back in disorder and the day lost. Warren was brevetted colonel, United States Army, for his services in this battle, and in 1888 a bronze statue of him was erected to mark the spot where his alertness and energy came into play. Despite a wound received during the defense of Little Round Top, he continued in action, and was subsequently in temporary command of the II Corps from August 12, 1863, to March 24, 1864, participating in a number of engagements, notably that at Bristoe Station. He was placed regularly in command of the V Corps, March 24, 1864, and with this corps participated in the actions of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and other engagements, as well as the various assaults on Petersburg. He was promoted major, United States Army, June 25, 1864, and brevetted major-general, United States Army, March 13, 1865. At Five Forks, April 1, 1865, the last decisive battle of the war, his corps, after conflicting orders, arrived with dispatch on the flank of the Confederates and offered to the cavalry's hard-pressed troops the signal aid that clinched the victory, but to the astonishment of his subordinates and others engaged in that critical action, he was summarily relieved of his command by Sheridan, who had been given authority by General Grant. Transferred to command the defenses of Petersburg and the Southside Railroad, he served here during April and the first half of May, then commanded the Department of Mississippi, May 14-30, 1865. On May 27 he resigned his volunteer commission and reverted to the status of major of engineers, United States Army. During the later sixties he prepared maps and reports of his campaigns and elaborated for publication the results of some of his early explorations. He served as member of the board of engineers to examine the canal at Washington, D. C. , as superintending engineer of surveys and improvements of the upper Mississippi, and as member of the commission to examine the Union Pacific Railroad and telegraph lines. He was also in charge of the survey of the battlefield of Gettysburg. For almost a year, in 1869-70, he supervised the building of the Rock Island bridge across the Mississippi, and there through exposure and over-exertion received the impairment to his health which ultimately caused his death. He continued for twelve years more, however, in the river-and-harbor work of the Corps of Engineers - in the upper Mississippi Valley, along the Atlantic Coast, and in the Great Lakes. On October 10, 1878, he was made a member of the advisory council of the Harbor Commission of Rhode Island, and on March 4, 1879, he was promoted a lieutenant-colonel of engineers. Throughout this period he made repeated requests for a board of inquiry to examine into the causes of his ignominious relief at Five Forks, but since the authorities implicated were then in power, his request was not granted until December 1879. The court then appointed not only fully exonerated and applauded him, but cast reflections upon the manner of his relief. Ironically, however, the findings vindicating him were not published until three months after his death. Among Warren's published writings were: "Examination of Reports of Various Routes, " with Capt. A. A. Humphreys, in Reports of Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad to the Pacific Ocean, vol. I (1855); Memoir to Accompany the Map of the Territory of the United States from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Giving a Brief Account of Each of the Exploring Expeditions since A. D. 1800 (1859); An Account of the Operations of the Fifth Army Corps (1866); Report of the Survey of the Upper Mississippi River and Its Tributaries (1867); An Essay Concerning Important Physical Features Exhibited in the Valley of the Minnesota River (1874), Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855-'56-'57 (1875); Report on the Transportation Route along the Wisconsin and Fox Rivers between the Mississippi River and Lake Michigan (1876); Report on Bridging the Mississippi River between St. Paul, Minn. ; and St. Louis, Mo. (1878). Warren died at his home in Newport, R. I, at the age of fifty-two.
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
Membership
He was a member of a number of scientific organizations, including the American Philosophical Society and the National Academy of Sciences.
Personality
Warren was a firm friend, a generous enemy, gentle, sensitive, kind, and staunch. He was passionately fond of flowers. After the death of his father in 1859, he assumed much of the responsibility for the younger members of the family, whose welfare he guarded faithfully and tenderly.
Connections
On June 17, 1863, he married Emily Forbes Chase of Baltimore, by whom he had a son and a daughter; two years later his sister Emily married his former aide, Washington A. Roebling.