Background
Gustave Le Bon was born in Nogent-le-Rotrou, France on 7 May 1841; the son of Annette Josephine Eugénic Tétiot Desmarlinais and Jean-Marie Charles Le Bon.
(In this clear and vivd book, Gustave Le Bon throws light ...)
In this clear and vivd book, Gustave Le Bon throws light on the unconscious irrational workings of a group thought and mass emotion as he places crowd ideology in opposition to free-thinking and independent minded individuals. He shows how the behaviour of an individual changes when part of the crowd. Le Bon concludes his work with a prophetic vision of the destruction of civilisation.
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(Gustave Le Bon (1841 1931) was a French social psycholog...)
Gustave Le Bon (1841 1931) was a French social psychologist, sociologist, anthropologist, inventor, and amateur physicist. He is best known for his 1895 work The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. His writings incorporate theories of national traits, racial and male superiority, herd behavior and crowd psychology.
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(Excerpt from The World Unbalanced The World's Economics ...)
Excerpt from The World Unbalanced The World's Economics Chaos; The New Forces Guiding The World; Social Influences of the Power Derived from Coal and Oil; The Economic Situation of Germany; Psychological Elements of Finance; Fundamental Principles of Political Economy The New Collective Powers; Mystical Illusions concerning the Power of Assemblies; Results Obtainable by Collective Deliberation: the Geneva Congress; The Great Parliamentary Aggregations; The evolution of Collectivities towards Diverse Forms of Despotism; Illusions concerning the League of Nations; The Political Influence of Prestige How to Reform the Mentality of a People; American Ideas on Education; Teaching Reforms in France and the German Universities; Moral Instructions in Schools; The Creation of Moral Habits by the Army Alliances and Wars; The Value of Alliances; The Fight for Hegemony and the Struggle for Existence; The Problem of Security; Future Forms of War and the Disarmament Illusion About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Gustave Le Bon was born in Nogent-le-Rotrou, France on 7 May 1841; the son of Annette Josephine Eugénic Tétiot Desmarlinais and Jean-Marie Charles Le Bon.
Gustave Le Bon was trained as a physician at the University of Paris. He received his doctorate in 1866.
The electric interests and abilities of Gustave Le Bon led to a full and productive life. Studies ranging from components of tobacco smoke, through physical anthropology, to atomic energy and structure describe the broad range of scholarly interests Le Bon maintained until his death. Because of this wide range, many have thought of Le Bon's work as shallow and dilettantish. No one in the course of a lifetime could possibly master all the disciplines observed in Le Bon's scholarly work. Nevertheless, men such as Sigmund Freud and Gordon Allport acknowledged the vital importance of Le Bon's work.
While Le Bon made contributions to theories of social evolution and political revolution, probably his most widely known work concerned the psychology of crowd behavior.
Le Bon was a physician, anthropologist in the field, and finally professor of psychology and allied sciences at the University of Paris. His best-known book is La Psychologie des foules (1895; translated as The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind, 1897).
Le Bon traveled in Europe, North Africa, and Asia and wrote several books on anthropology and archaeology. An interesting incident attributed to Le Bon concerns his return in 1884 from an anthropological expedition to India, where he was commissioned by France to study Buddhist monuments. Marie François Sadi Carnot, then the minister of public works, was given an opportunity to choose for himself an artifact from a group Le Bon had brought back. Carnot chose a statuette which Le Bon quickly indicated was not appropriate because it carried a curse. Le Bon told Carnot that the owner of the statuette would be killed upon reaching the highest office in France. The warning was disregarded, and on June 24, 1894, Carnot, the fourth president of the French Republic, was assassinated by an Italian anarchist at Lyons.
He died on December 13, 1931, at Marne-la-Coquette near Paris.
(Excerpt from The World Unbalanced The World's Economics ...)
(In this clear and vivd book, Gustave Le Bon throws light ...)
(Gustave Le Bon (1841 1931) was a French social psycholog...)
(The Evolution of Matter Classic Reprint)
(The psychology of peoples (268 pages))
Le Bon stated that crowds maintained a collective mind and that the group mind was not simply a summary of the individual persons. Instead, a new distillation of traits emerged, primarily unconscious in nature, which reflected racially inherited characteristics. The consequence of these innate traits was a regression in the direction of more primitive, instinctual determinants of behavior, in contrast to more rational intellectual determinants. Le Bon also believed in the contagion of ideas in a crowd such that individual members, in a heightened state of suggestibility and with feelings of omnipotence, are subjugated to the will and emotion of the crowd mind. He also indicated that crowds are capable of engaging in positive social actions as well.
Le Bon's ideas about social evolution and political revolution were related again to racial stock. History, for Le Bon, is a consequence of racial temperament; to understand the history of a people, one must look to the soul of the people. Just as a people cannot choose its appearance, it cannot freely opt for its cultural institutions. Le Bon's beliefs with respect to political behavior consistently revealed a basic mistrust of the masses. On the last day of his life he repeated the theme that where the common people continue to maintain, or gain, control of government, civilization is moved in the direction of barbarism. It was this view that earned Le Bon the occasional label of antidemocrat and elitist.