Background
Hamako Watanabe was born on October 27, 1910 in Yokohama, Japan. She claimed that her grandfather was a quarter American.
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はま子 渡辺
Hamako Watanabe was born on October 27, 1910 in Yokohama, Japan. She claimed that her grandfather was a quarter American.
Hamako Watanabe graduated from the Musashino Academia Musicae in 1933, and soon obtained a job as a music instructor at the Yokohama Gakuen Women’s High School.
However, in 1933 Hamako Watanabe won an audition at Polydor Records, but after only one song (which was not released), her contract was not renewed. Per the advice and recommendation of Tamaki Tokuyama, her mentor from the Musashino Academia, she transferred to Victor, who released her debut song in 1934.
Her acting debut also occurred the same year at a stage musical at the Hibya Public Hall in Tokyo. When the lead singer, Chikoko Kobayashi suddenly dropped out of the performance, Watanabe was quickly promoted to understudy, and played the role of a fisherman’s daughter alongside Ichirō Fujiyama and Roppa Furukawa. She resigned from teaching in 1935. In the mid-1930s, Hamako Watanabe had a number of hit songs. However, government censors came down on her in 1936 over the risqué lyrics on a number of her songs.
In April 1937, Hamako Watanabe transferred from Victor to Columbia Records, which was then producing mostly patriotic songs. Her song, Aikoku no hana ("Flower of Patriotism", 1938) was an immediate hit. She was sent to China during the Second Sino-Japanese War to raise morale among the troops, and visited many locations in Japanese-occupied China. The release of Shina no yoru ("Night in China", 1938) and Kanton buruzu ("Canton Blues", 1938) further boosted her popularity, especially after Shina no yoru was made into a hit movie by the Manchukuo Film Association, starring Ri Koran. During this time, Hamako Watanabe often performed wearing Chinese dress, and many of her songs incorporated traditional Chinese melodies or phrases of Chinese lyrics. At the surrender of Japan, she was based in Tianjin and was placed in a prisoner of war camp for over a year.
After her repatriation to Japan, Watanabe married in 1947, and opened a flower shop in Yokohama, while attempting to restart her career. Hamako Watanabe continued to produce a number of hit songs in the later 1940s, including Tokyo no yoru ("Tokyo Nights", 1947), Adieu Shanghai (1948), Yokohama monogatari ("Yokohama Story", 1950). In 1950, she participated in the first tour of Japanese artists to the United States, making performances in various cities, and capitalizing on her part-American ancestry. In 1952, Hamako Watanabe made a number of trips to the Philippines, where her songs remained very popular, in part to ask Philippine President Elpidio Quirino to pardon the Japanese prisoners remaining in the Philippines and to let them return home.
From 1951 through 1958, and in 1964 and 1973, Hamako Watanabe participated in the year-end Kohaku Uta Gassen held by NHK. In 1965, together with Taro Shoji, she established an association for Japanese vocal performers.
The death of her husband in 1985 came as a severe shock to Watanabe, and she was diagnosed with dementia soon afterwards. She announced her retirement in 1989, but made one more public appearance in 1990 for charity at the Mito Prefectural Culture center in Mito, Ibaraki. A stroke in 1993 left her bedridden until her death at the end of 1999.
