(Recollections of a British diplomat, who was a member of ...)
Recollections of a British diplomat, who was a member of the Peace delegation of Great Britain at Paris. He wrote: "Given the atmosphere at the time, given the passions aroused in all democracies by four years of war, it would have been impossible even for supermen to devise a peace of moderation and righteousness."
(One of the great 20th century political diaries
Harold N...)
One of the great 20th century political diaries
Harold Nicolson was one of the three great political diarists of the 20th century (along with Chips Channon and Alan Clark). Nicolson was an MP (Conservative, 1935-45, who also flirted with Labour after WWII). He had previously been in the Foreign Office and attended the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, and material from his period is included in this new edition for the first time.
Nicolson never achieved high office, but rarely a day went by when he didn't record what was going on at Westminster. He socialised widely, was married to the poet and author Vita Sackville-West, and together they created the famous garden at Sissinghurst. Both were bi-sexuals and had affairs outside their marriage. This new edition also draws on diary entries and letters previously considered too sensitive for inclusion.
The diversity of Harold Nicolson's interests and the irony in his writing make his diary a highly entertaining record of his life and times, as well as a document of great historical value.
Sir Harold George Nicolson was a British diplomat, historian, biographer, critic, journalist, and diarist of note. He wrote more than 125 books, including political essays, travel accounts, and mystery novels.
Background
Harold George Nicolson was born on November 21, 1886 in Tehran, Persia (now Iran), where his father, Sir Arthur Nicolson, was British charge d'affaires. Harold was an aristocrat through and through. His early life was spent in diplomatic posts with his father - the Balkans, the Middle East, Morocco, Madrid, and St. Petersburg.
Education
Nicolson studied at Balliol College, Oxford (receiving a “pass degree” in 1907). In 1930 he received his B. A. and M. A. degrees.
Career
Nicolson went into the diplomatic service himself in 1909. He remained there for 20 years. As a diplomat, Nicolson was at the Paris Peace Conference at the end of World War I, and in the 1920s he served in the Middle East and Berlin. He resigned in 1929 to be near his wife and to write. His first book was Paul Verlaine (1921), which was the first of six literary biographies: Tennyson (1923), Byron: The Last Journey (1924), Swinburne (1926), Benjamin Constant (1949), and Sainte-Beuve (1957).
He also published a brace of novels – Sweet Waters (1921) and Public Faces (1932); essays – Some People (1927), The English Sense of Humor (1947), Good Behaviour (1955), Journey to Java (1957), The Age of Reason (1960), and Monarchy (1962); some more biographies – Curzon, the Last Phase (1934), Dwight Morrow (1935), and Helen's Tower (1937); and some historical works, among which were Peacemaking, 1919 (1933), Diplomacy (1939), and the distinguished The Congress of Vienna (1946) and The Evolution of Diplomatic Method (1954).
On January 1, 1930, he became a columnist for Lord Beaverbrook’s London Evening Standard and also, on that day, began a diary, in which he made daily entries until October 4, 1964. (Three volumes were edited and published by his son Nigel Nicolson in the late 1960s. )
Along with his newspaper work, Nicolson also wrote book reviews and gave radio talks. From 1935 to 1945 he was a member of Parliament. After the war he failed in the election of 1945 as a National Labour Party candidate; he tried again in 1948 in a by-election at North Croydon, this time as a Labour Party contestant. He was unsuccessful. He died in Sissinghurst Castle on May 1, 1968.
Achievements
Nicolson was the greatest diplomat of his generation. His three-volume Diaries and Letters is a valuable document of British social and political life from 1930 to 1964. In 1953 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order for writing the official biography of George V.
Nicolson was a member of Parliament for the National Labour Party for West Leicester from 1935 to 1945. He was intensely opposed to Munich – the Munich Pact of 1938, signed by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and dictated by Hitler, for German subjugation of the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia. He was committed, with Winston Churchill, in opposition to all dictators. But he was not much of a "Labour man. " In his own words, he was a "cerebral socialist. " He could not sympathize with the point of view of his mainly working-class constituents; they were too far from his own class, socially and intellectually. Nicolson's suspicion of the working-classes was paralleled by his snobbishness about Jews, Arabs, Blacks, and Americans.
Connections
In 1913 Nicolson married Vita Sackville-West, the daughter of Lord Sackville. In 1915 the young couple bought Long Barn, a medieval cottage near Knole, where they lived for 15 years. Afterwards they lived in Sissinghurst Castle, also in Kent. Their friends were aristocrats, diplomats, and literary notables, among whom was Virginia Woolf, the famous stream-of-consciousness novelist. Vita was in love with Virginia, as she was in love with several other women in her life. Harold was a homosexual too, and they also loved each other. Vita and Harold had two sons, Nigel and Benedict.
Father:
Sir Arthur Nicolson
He eventually became the first Lord Carnock.
Spouse:
Vita Sackville-West
She was a poet, novelist, and gardener.
Son:
Benedict Nicolson
He became an art historian.
Son:
Nigel Nicolson
He wrote a book about his parents' marriage, which depicted his parents as loving each other until the day they died.