Harrison Stanford MARTLAND

Background

MARTLAND, Harrison Stanford was born on September 10, 1883 in Newark, New Jersey, United States. Son of William H. and Ida C. (Bucklish) Martland.

Education

Western Maryland College, A. B., 1901. Columbia University, Doctor of Medicine, 1905.

Career

In 1901 he received a Bachelor of Science degree from Western Maryland College and in 1905 he received his Doctor of Medicine degree from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Doctor Martland accepted the appointment of the first full-time paid pathologist at the Newark City Hospital in January 1909. When World War I broke out, Doctor Martland joined the Bellevue Hospital Unit and as a lieutenant colonel he took charge of a hospital in Vichy, France.

He later was awarded a Citation for Exceptionally Meritorious and Conspicuous Service by General John Pershing.

In June 1925, Doctor Martland was chosen to fill the post of Essex County Physician. Immediately, he saw the danger of divided authority in the system that allowed a coroner"s jury of laymen to decide causes of sudden death.

Therefore, he set out to establish the medical examiner system in Essex County. In April 1933, Doctor Martland was named Professor of Forensic Medicine at New York University, a post he held for fifteen years.

Doctor Martland made important contributions in the fields of pathology and forensic medicine.

The work that attracted the most attention was his research begun in 1924, on the effects of radioactive material on the human body. Doctor Martland determined that minute traces of radioactivity contained in luminous paint had caused the deaths of watch dial painters employed at the United States Radium Corporation in Orange, New Jersey. The Atomic Energy Commission (Atomic Energy Commission) credits Doctor Martland"s work with having made it possible for atomic development to proceed with comparative safety. At the request of the Atomic Energy Commission, Doctor Martland prepared a permanent exhibit on radioactive dangers and precautions which is on display in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

In 1916, Doctor Martland alerted dynamite manufacturers to the dangers of occupational poisoning in TNT. lieutenant was Doctor Martland who proved, back in 1928, that "punch drunk" prize fighters were suffering from a brain injury caused by the rupture of blood vessels.

He did notable work in phases of cardiac syphilis and in the effects of bullet wounds on the body. Nobel Prize winners came to Newark three times to salute him at annual Harrison South. Martland Lectures sponsored by the Essex County Anatomical and Pathological Society.

The New York Pathological Association named him its first out-of-state president in 1928. He was President of the Essex County Medical Society in 1920 and of the Academy of Medicine of Northern New Jersey in 1922.

The Newark City Commission paid tribute to the eminent pathologist when the new city hospital was dedicated the Harrison South. Martland Medical Center on January 24, 1954.

After forty-five years as Newark City Hospital Pathologist and twenty-five years as Essex County Medical Examiner, Doctor Martland retired in November 1953. He died on May 1, 1954 at the age of 71.

Achievements

• He won his fight in the State Legislature and the county government in March 1927, and was appointed Chief Medical Examiner by the Essex County Board of Freeholders. Doctor Martland"s accomplishments also included the first paper establishing the lethal effects of beryllium poisoning, which led to implementation of regulatory reforms governing the use of beryllium in industrial plants. Doctor Martland received numerous honors and awards. In 1943, the Academy of Medicine gave Doctor Martland the Edward J. Illinois Award as the outstanding physician and citizen of the county.

Membership

Member: American Medical Association. New York Pathological Society.

Connections

Spouse Myra C. Ferdon, 1912, Newark, N.