Background
He was born in Jefferson County, Ohio on January 1, 1828, the eldest son of Henry and Esther Walker Crabb.
He was born in Jefferson County, Ohio on January 1, 1828, the eldest son of Henry and Esther Walker Crabb.
In the 1880s, his vine collection was one of the largest in the world. In 1840 the family relocated to Adams County, Ohio, until 1853, when he settled in San Lorenzo, California. In 1865, he moved to Napa.
Three years later, he bought land near Oakville, close to the Napa River.
And sold some of that land in the same year to build the railroad depot. His early establishment, Hermosa Vineyard, produced table grapes and raisins.
In 1872, Crabb established a vineyard and winery named "To-Kalon", (Greek: "the call of beauty") and by 1877 had planted 130 acres (053 km2) and was producing 50,000 United States gallons of wine per year. By the later half of the 1880s, the vineyard covered 1,100 acres.
Crabb"s collection of vines was one of the largest in the world at that time, including more than 400 varieties.
In the following decade, he was referred to as the "Wine King of the Pacific Slope" by the Chicago Herald. Crabb experimented with over 400 grape varieties to find the types best suited for the area, including Zinfandel, Burgundy, Petite Syrah, Beclan, Cauche Noir, Cabernet, Riesling, Pinot Chardonay, Muscatelle and Sauterne. The Refosco or Mondeuse was occasionally referred to as Crabb"s Black Burgundy prior to Prohibition in California.
Along with another one of California"s early winegrower, John Lewelling, Crabb developed a method for shipping grapes on ice.
With agencies in New Orleans, the Midwest and the East, Cragg shipped his wine in cases and in bulk. After Crabb"s death in 1899 of apoplexy, the estate was owned by the East. West. Churchill family until 1943, when it was bought by Martin Stelling.
Most of Crabb"s To-Kalon acreage is now owned by the Robert Mondavi winery.