Career
He is noted for performing the first suturing of the pericardium on record. The operation occurred on September 6, 1891 at the City Hospital, on a twenty-two-year-old man who had been stabbed in the chest. Upon arrival of the patient, Dalton cleaned the wound and applied a dressing of antiseptic gauze.
After several hours, the patient"s condition worsened: the left side of his chest became dull to percussion.
His temperature and pulse rate rose. His breathing became shallow.
And he complained of considerable pain. He was taken to the surgical amphitheatre, where Dalton made an incision over the fourth rib and removed about 6 inches (15 cm) of lieutenant
After tying the severed intercostal artery to control bleeding and removing the blood from the pleural cavity, Dalton observed a transverse wound of the pericardium about 2 inches (5 cm) in length.
With a sharply curved needle and catgut, he closed the wound by continuous suture, overcoming great difficulty caused by the heart pulsations. The pleural cavity was then irrigated and the chest incision closed without drainage. The patient made "an uninterrupted, rapid recovery." The published report of the operation appeared in the state medical association"s journal and another local periodical in 1894, and in the Annals of Surgery the following year.
On July 10, 1893 African American surgeon Daniel Hale Williams became the first on record to mimic Dalton"s success, repairing the torn pericardium of knife wound patient James Cornish.
In the mid-1890s, attempts were made to further improve cardiac surgery. The first successful surgery on the heart itself was performed by Norwegian surgeon Axel Cappelen on 4 September 1895 at Rikshospitalet in Kristiania, now Oslo.
The first successful surgery of the heart, performed without any complications, was by Doctor Ludwig Rehn of Frankfurt, Germany, who repaired a stab wound to the right ventricle on September 7, 1896. Heart surgery would not be widely accepted among surgeons until World World War II broke out and forced battlefield surgeons to improve their methods of surgery in order to repair severe war wounds.