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Henry Roseman Lang, the son of the Rev. Heinrich and Constantia (Suter) Lang was born in the canton of St. Gall, Switzerland. His father, the son of a Württemberg clergyman, left Germany because of connections with the revolutionary movements of 1848 and became a leader of the liberal school of theology in Switzerland (Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, vol. XVII, 1888).
He graduated from the Gymnasium at Zurich in 1874. Later he went to Europe and carried on the research which earned for him the degree of Ph. D. at the University of Strassburg in 1892.
Lang soon made his way to the United States and at once entered the profession of teaching. For a number of years, beginning in 1878, he was professor of Latin in the State Normal School, Nashville, Tenn. , later the George Peabody College for Teachers. In 1882 he became instructor in modern languages at the high school in Charleston, S. C. , and in 1886, instructor at the Swain Free School, New Bedford, Massachussets. Later he was appointed instructor in Romance languages at Yale University and in 1893 was made assistant professor of Romance philology. In 1896 he became full professor, and in 1906 he was appointed Benjamin F. Barge Professor of the Romance Languages and Literature. Following his retirement in 1922 he maintained a close relationship to the university until his death.
Lang was equally at home in linguistic and in literary investigation, and as a philologist he had a large control of the whole Romance field; his publications, however, bear mainly upon Portuguese and Spanish literature of the earlier periods. In the classroom he stressed always the value of extreme accuracy in the treatment of philological material, and, despite his insistence upon meticulous attention to detail, he gained the abiding good will of his students.
In both his writings and his university lectures he did not hesitate to attack what he considered the heretical doctrines of other scholars, but he always presented his arguments in good spirit. He was elected to corresponding membership in the Portuguese Academy of Sciences, the Geographical Society of Lisbon, the Academy of Galicia, the Institute of Coimbra, the Historical and Geographical Institute of Brazil, the Spanish Academy at Madrid, the Spanish Academy of Belles Lettres at Barcelona, and other similar organizations. While Portugal was still a kingdom, he was made knight commander in the Order of Santiago. In the United States he held fellowship in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Hispanic Society of America, and the Mediaeval Academy of America.
Lang's predilection for research in Old Portuguese literature was revealed at the outset in his doctoral dissertation, which was entitled Cancioneiro del Rei Dom Denis; zum ersten Mal vollständig herausgegeben (Halle, 1892). Still occupied with the first great Portuguese poet, he put forth his Das Liederbuch des K"nigs Denis von Portugal . .. mit Einleitung, Anmerkungen u. Glossar versehen (Halle, 1894). Special studies of the early Portuguese lyric are "The Relations of the Earliest Portuguese Lyric School with the Troubadours and the Trouvères" (Modern Language Notes, April 1895) and The Descort in Old Portuguese and Spanish Poetry (reprinted from Beiträge zur romanischen Philologie, Festgabe für Gustav Gr"ber, 1899). As the title shows, the latter document is significant for early Spanish poetry also.
His work Cancioneiro Gallego-Castelhano; the Extant Galician Poems of the Gallego-Castilian Lyric School (1350 - 1450), Collected and Edited with a Literary Study, Notes, and Glossary was published in 1902. After the appearance of the edition of the Cancioneiro da Ajuda by Carolina Michaëlis de Vasconcellos he issued a series of commentaries on the text of that collection of lyrics, under the title "Zum Cancioneiro da Ajuda" (Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, vol. XXXII, 1908). Portuguese folklore engaged his attention in "Old Portuguese Songs" (Bausteine zur romanischen Philologie, Festgabe für Adolfo Mussafia, 1905), and in "Old Portuguese Sea Lyrics" (Revue Hispanique, October 1929). Aspects of the folklore of the Portuguese immigrants come to view in the article "The Portuguese Element in New England" (Journal of American Folk-Lore, January-March 1892).
Notable among his Spanish contributions are: Contributions to Spanish Literature (1906 - 07); "Communications from Spanish Cancioneros" (Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, vol. XV, 1909); Notes on the Metre of the Poem of the Cid (reprinted from the Romanic Review, 1914-18); Contributions to the Restoration of the "Poema del Cid" (reprinted from the Revue Hispanique, February 1926); "The So-called Cancionero de Pero Guillen de Segovia" (Revue Hispanique, vol. XIX, 1908). For the facsimile edition of the Cancionero de Baena issued by the Hispanic Society of America (1926) he prepared a "Foreword, " and a survey of the versification of this collection appeared later in "Las Formas Estróficas y Términos Métricos del Cancionero de Baena" (in Homenaje Bonilla y San Martin, Madrid, 1927). Lang died as the result of a heart attack and was buried in New Haven.
Lang was prominent in educational circles and his devotion to literature and linguistic brought him well-merited recognition abroad. He was more recognized for his research in the field of Portuguese medieval poetry. A work of major importance is his "Cancioneiro Gallego-Castelhano; the Extant Galician Poems of the Gallego-Castilian Lyric School (1350 - 1450), Collected and Edited with a Literary Study, Notes, and Glossary".
(This book was digitized and reprinted from the collection...)
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Member of the Portuguese Academy of Sciences
Member of the Geographical Society of Lisbon
Member of the Academy of Galicia
Member of the Institute of Coimbra
Member of the Historical and Geographical Institute of Brazil Member of the Spanish Academy at Madrid
Member of the Spanish Academy of Belles Lettres at Barcelona
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Fellow of the Hispanic Society of America
Fellow of the Mediaeval Academy of America
On August 29, 1901, Lang married Alice Hubbard Derby. After her death in 1928 he established in her honor at Yale the Alice Derby Lang Memorial Prize, and in his will he provided other memorials to her at Yale and at Smith College.
