The Life Of Thomas Jefferson: In 3 Volumes; Volume 1
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Sheep Husbandry: With an Account of the Different Breeds, and General Directions in Regard to Summer and Winter Management, Breeding, and the Treatment of Diseases
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The Practical Shepherd: A Complete Treatise On The Breeding, Management And Diseases Of Sheep
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Henry Stephens Randall was an American agriculturist, writer, educator and politician who served as New York Secretary of State.
Background
Henry Stephens Randall was born on May 3, 1811 at Brookfield, Madison County, New York, and died at Cortland, in the same state. The eldest child of Roswell and Harriet (Stephens) Randall, he was sixth in direct descent from John Randall, the Puritan ancestor, who died at Westerly, Rhode Island. about 1685. The family lived at Westerly and at Stonington, Connecticut, until its removal to central New York about 1800.
Education
Randall attended the Cortland and Geneva (New York) academies and graduated from Union College in 1830, where he was a marked favorite of President Eliphalet Nott. From 1830 to 1834 he practised politics and studied law in the offices of his uncle, Henry Stephens, first judge of Cortland County, and supreme court justice William H. Shankland.
Career
He was admitted to the bar in 1834, but never practised law, nor intended to.
During his legal and literary studies, Randall gave particular attention to the constitutional and political history of the United States, and as a result, became an ardent convert to the Jeffersonian theory of government, a predilection which accounts for his later Life of Thomas Jefferson.
He was a delegate in political conventions before he was of age, wrote articles for Democratic papers which were widely reprinted, and was the youngest regular delegate to the National Democratic Convention of 1835. In 1839 he became paid school visitor for his county, holding the position until the office of county superintendent of schools was legally established. In this new position he served from 1843 to 1847. His vigorous work and his writings on educational subjects during these years brought him offers to become state superintendent of schools in several states. In 1844 he contributed a sixty-page account of "Common School Libraries" to Mental and Moral Culture and Popular Education, edited by his cousin, Samuel S. Randall.
When, in 1851, he was elected secretary of state of New York, after being defeated in 1849, his strongest reason for serving was that the post carried with it, ex officio, the superintendency of public instruction. During his two years' service he was author of the bill creating the separate state department of public instruction. He was a member of the National Democratic Committee at Charleston in 1860, and in 1871 was elected to the New York legislature, where he served as chairman of the committee on public education.
Meanwhile, he called himself "a practical farmer" and throughout most of his active life was engaged to some degree in agriculture, being especially interested in sheep.
As early as 1838, The Cultivator for March carried a "Report on Sheep" by him. His earliest considerable work, Sheep Husbandry in the South (1848), a series of letters to R. F. W. Allston of South Carolina, at once established its author as a leading authority in this field. It was reprinted in 1852 under the title, Sheep Husbandry, and had five other printings, without substantial change, between that date and 1880.
For years he was corresponding secretary of the New York State Agricultural Society, and as a member of its executive committee he is said to have proposed the New York state fair, first among such projects.
From 1864 to 1867 he was editor of the sheep-husbandry department of Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
Achievements
He contributed "Sheep Husbandry and Wool-growing in the United States" to the section on agriculture of the Report of the Commissioner of Patents, for the Year 1850 (1851) and "Sheep" to the Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1863. His "Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry, " first submitted as a prize-winning article to the New York State Agricultural Society in 1861, was reprinted separately with a considerable appendix in 1863 and 1865, while his The Practical Shepherd (1863) went through thirty printings. These books had an extraordinary total circulation, and produced important results in the domestic wool-growing industry. Their author had read widely, and repeatedly cited the important British and American literature on the subject.
Although Randall published some nine volumes and a dozen minor articles, mostly dealing with agricultural subjects, he will be judged as an author by his most pretentious work, The Life of Thomas Jefferson.