Background
Henry Rogers was born on July 21, 1870 in Lansing, Michigan, United States, the son of Schuyler Fiske Seager, a lawyer, and Alice (Berry) Seager.
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Henry Rogers was born on July 21, 1870 in Lansing, Michigan, United States, the son of Schuyler Fiske Seager, a lawyer, and Alice (Berry) Seager.
Graduating at the University of Michigan in 1890, Henry Rogers Seager did further work during the succeeding years at the Johns Hopkins University, at the Universities of Halle, Berlin, and Vienna, and at the University of Pennsylvania, where he received the Doctor of philosophy degree in 1894.
In 1894 Seager was appointed instructor in economics in the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, and in 1896 he was made an assistant professor; in 1902 he became adjunct professor, and in 1905, professor, in Columbia University, where he served till death.
His greatest admiration was for Simon N. Patten, with whom he served at the University of Pennsylvania but whose influence on his thought was slight. He assisted materially in the establishment of a system of workmen's compensation in New York; he was a supporter of the Survey (formerly Charities and the Commons) and for many years a member of its board of directors.
During the war he served as secretary of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, and, in 1919-20, he was executive secretary of the President's Second Industrial Conference. He was a member of the editorial board of The Political Science Quarterly, and in 1922 was president of the American Economic Association.
His most considerable work is Principles of Economics, first published under this title in 1913, which grew out of his Introduction to Economics (1904 and later editions) and appeared in its final form in 1923. The most important of his other writings are Trust and Corporation Problems (1929), with C. A. Gulick, Jr. , and the posthumous volume, Labor and Other Economic Essays (1931), to which is attached his complete bibliography.
In 1930, with a group of companions, he undertook a journey to the scene of new economic adventures, in the midst of which he was taken ill. He died in Kiev of pneumonia, August 23, 1930.
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Seager's training as an economist was in English classicism, in the German historical method, and in the peculiar Austrian approach. His published work shows clearly the influence of each.
In all his varied activities he had one purpose: to better social conditions within the framework of laissez-faire. He possessed a determined faith that this could be done and worked constantly to show the way.
Seager made emphasis on all that pertained to human welfare. This led to stress on consumption and on the demand side of the value equilibrium, as well as to extra consideration of monopoly gains. He discussed distribution, carried out within the framework of the "specific productivity" analysis but with more than usual weight given to such subjective influences as the balancing, in consumers' and producers' minds, of marginal disutilities over against marginal utilities. His conclusions were usually optimistic. Seager believed in progress and believed that, under the going system, it was being achieved. He felt, for instance, that capital goods were multiplying more rapidly than population and that this would tend to raise standards of living. He did not believe, however, that the possibilities of progress which inhere in the system ensure automatic betterment. Groups of interested people, with journals and propaganda, need to be vigilant in the public interest. This duty of the good citizen, as Seager saw it, was best exemplified in his own career.
He outlined his programm: "The two great objects to be aimed at are: I. To protect wage-earners in the continued enjoyment of standards of living to which they are already accustomed. II. To assist them to attain to higher standards of living". The contingencies which were the principal threats to existing standards were "(1) industrial accidents, (2) illness, (3) invalidity and old age, (4) premature death, (5) unemployment". All these, Seager felt, were legitimate objects of collective action.
Seager's mind was orderly and compressive rather than brilliant and generalizing; conservatism was perhaps its distinguishing characteristic. He was solid and patient, slow to conclude, and even slower to write his conclusions. One result of this was that he was less a writing scholar than one who worked with students.
On June 5, 1899, Seager was married to Harriet Henderson of Philadelphia, who died in 1928; their son survived him.