Education for Industrial Workers; A Constructive Study Applied to New York City
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Herman Schneider was an American engineer, architect, and educator. As the president of the University of Cincinnati he formed an Association of Co-operative Colleges (ACC).
Background
Herman was born on September 12, 1872 at Summit Hill, Pennsylvania, United States, the fourth son and fifth of six children of Anton and Sarah (Wintersteen) Schneider. His father was of Bavarian descent, his mother of Dutch-English stock.
Education
Schneider attended the village public school. Following the lead of an older brother, he decided to study engineering, and after a preparatory course at the Pennsylvania Military Academy at Chester, he enrolled in the civil engineering department at Lehigh University.
He received honorary degrees from the University of Pittsburgh (1911) and the University of Cincinnati (1933).
Career
As a boy Schneider worked in his father's general store, and at the age of fourteen went to work as a breaker-boy in a coal mine.
For three years after graduating from Lehigh in 1894, Schneider engaged in architectural practice at Cumberland, Maryland, and then, for reasons of health, spent two years in the Pacific Northwest on the engineering staff of the Oregon Short Line Railroad.
In 1899, on his return to Pennsylvania, Professor Merriman offered him a position as instructor in civil engineering at Lehigh, which he accepted. During his next four years on the Lehigh faculty Schneider began to ponder the question: "How can theoretical knowledge and first-hand experience be combined?" He offered students to begin part-time employment during their college years and to make this work a recognized part of the educational program. Lehigh rejected his plan; and so in 1903 he accepted an assistant professorship in civil engineering at the University of Cincinnati. There, with the help of John M. Manley, secretary of the Cincinnati Metal Trades Association, Schneider persuaded twelve metal trades firms to test the practical values his plan might have for them.
In 1906 he became dean of the College of Engineering at Cincinnati and inaugurated the "cooperative system" of technological education with twenty-seven students. In 1919, when the College of Commerce was merged with the College of Engineering under Schneider's deanship, the cooperative plan was extended to commercial courses.
As the cooperative idea spread, Schneider won national recognition in the field of industrial education. In 1911-13 he participated in a survey of the New York City school system, and as a result of his recommendations cooperative courses were added to the city's high school program, Schneider being appointed as consulting expert to help install them.
During World War I he served in Washington as chief of the industrial service section of the army ordnance department and then as a member of the advisory board of the committee on education and special training, General Staff.
In 1928 he reluctantly became acting president of the University of Cincinnati and then president, from 1929 to 1932, until a successor could be found, whereupon he resumed the office of dean.
Besides his work as dean and president, Schneider instituted at the university an Institute of Scientific Research (1924) and a School of Applied Arts (1925), serving as director of each. Schneider's principal writings are Education for Industrial Workers (1915) and The Problem of Vocational Guidance (1938).
He also wrote a series of stories based on a character remembered from his childhood and published in the Outlook in 1917-19 under the general title "Arthur McQuaid, American, " two of them being listed among the best short stories of 1917.
He died at Cincinnati of a heart attack, and his body was cremated.
Achievements
Herman Schneider, beginning from the rank of Assistant Professor, became President of the University of Cincinnati, based largely upon the strength of the co-op program. Throughout his career, he was an advocate for the cooperative system of education. His thirty years of service to the University of Cincinnati are partly credited for that institution's worldwide fame.
In 1936 he was awarded the Lamme Medal by the Society for the Promotion of Engineering Education. In 1965 The Cooperative Education and Internship Association (CEIA) created "The Dean Herman Schneider Award" in honor of the contributions made by Dean Schneider in cooperative education.
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Views
Schneider found that most of those who had shown marked ability after completing their college courses had either worked while attending college, worked during vacation, or stayed out of college a term or two in order to earn money to continue their studies. He reasoned, train engineers concurrently in theory and practice by having students begin part-time employment during their college years and make this work a recognized part of the educational program.
Personality
Tall and lean, quiet and unassuming, Schneider was a marvelous salesman, who "sold ideas rather than gadgets. " He was both a capable administrator and a stimulating teacher. As a teacher he was quick to detect and encourage any trace of originality in a student. As an administrator he won the confidence and loyalty of the faculty.
Connections
In 1899 Schneider married Jessie Schober, who died two years later, and, in 1904, Louise Bosworth. There were no children by either marriage.