Education
Upon receiving a Western education in France, where he attended the école d"état major, he returned home, on the death of his elder brother and became heir to his uncle, Ismail Pasha, Wali of Egypt and Sudan. Ismail employed him in the next few years on missions abroad, to the Pope, the Emperor Napoleon III and the Sultan of Ottoman Empire. In 1869 he was dispatched at the head of an army of 18,000 to quell an insurrection in Sudan, and this he successfully accomplished.