Background
Shihata, Ibrahim Fahmy Ibrahim was born on August 19, 1937 in Damietta, Egypt. Son of Ibrahim and Neamat (El Ashmawy) Shihata.
(The unique experience of the author in supervising the Wo...)
The unique experience of the author in supervising the World Bank's efforts to create the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency is detailed in Part I of this book, which provides a case study for the successful preparation of a complex multilateral convention in record time. The book also provides an in-depth analysis of the operational and institutional aspects of MIGA relating them to the broader legal and economic issues concerning international investment flows. Part II deals with both MIGA's guarantee and non-guarantee operations. It covers in detail the different aspects of political risk insurance as well as the advisory and promotional services needed to encourage greater flows of capital and technology across national boundaries and towards developing countries in particular. Part III deals with three major institutional and policy issues which caused the greatest controversies in MIGA's preparatory work and raised questions that go beyond MIGA's concerns. These include the standards that apply to foreign investment, settlement of disputes and the organizational and voting structures of international financial institutions. This book should be of direct interest to a broad array of researchers and practitioners in the fields of international development, foreign investment, international law, political risk insurance and international financial organizations. The topicality of its subject and the prominence of its author add to the importance of the book which is likely to remain the most authoritative in its field for many years to come.
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(In May 1990, forty countries, together with the European ...)
In May 1990, forty countries, together with the European Economic Community and the European Investment Bank, signed the Agreement establishing the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. This book analyses the Agreement, concentrating on the three main areas relevant to the activities of the EBRD: its financing, its operations, and its organisation and management. The EBRD will be a unique institution, charged with facilitating Eastern Europe's transition to a market economy.
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(On September 21, 1992, the Development Committee, a joint...)
On September 21, 1992, the Development Committee, a joint ministerial committee of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund issued a set of universal guidelines on the legal treatment of foreign investment and called those Guidelines to the attention of the members of these institutions. The text of the guidelines was prepared by a small working group chaired by Ibrahim Shihata, the World Bank's Vice President and General Counsel. According to Mr. Shihata, the success of this endeavour was "the product of changing realities and perceptions about foreign investment and the benefits it can bring to global economy and the economies of developing countries in particular. In a broader sense, the great transformations of the late 80s and early 90s created a new environment which made possible agreement on many issues thought earlier to defy common solutions." This book provides a record and a personal account of the author of the steps which led to the issue, by the Development Committee, of the Guidelines on the Treatment of Foreign Investment, and a first hand explanation of the text of the Guidelines (which is published in the book in three languages). The book also contains the studies which preceded the preparations of that text and the official reports which explain its rationale and contents. The book may therefore be read as a complement to the author's earlier book on "MIGA and Foreign Investment" (1988). Together, the two books provide detailed accounts of the continued efforts by the World Bank to encourage the flow of international investments through specific mechanisms which complement its financing, catalytic and advisory roles in pursuance of one of its main purposes, which is "to promote foreign private investment."
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Shihata, Ibrahim Fahmy Ibrahim was born on August 19, 1937 in Damietta, Egypt. Son of Ibrahim and Neamat (El Ashmawy) Shihata.
Bachelor of Laws, University Cairo, 1957. Diploma in public law and finance, University Cairo, 1958. Diploma in private law, University Cairo, 1959.
Doctor of Juridical Science, Harvard University, 1964. Doctor of Laws (honorary), University Dundee, Scotland, 1995. Doctor of Laws (honorary), University Paris Panthéon, Sorbonne, France, 1996.
Doctor of Laws (honorary), American University, Cairo, 2000.
Member Conseil d'Etat, The United Arab Republic, 1957-1960, Technology Bureau of President, Egypt, 1959-1960. From lecturer to associate professor international law Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 1964-1966, 70-72. Legal adviser Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development, 1966-1970, 72-76.
Director general OPEC Fund for International Development, Vienna, 1976-1983. Executive director International Fund for Agricultural Development, Rome, 1977-1983. Senior vice president, general counsel World Bank, Washington, 1983-1998.
Retired, 1998
Secretary general International Center Settlement of Investment Disputes, Washington, since 1983. Chairman board International Development Law Institute, Rome, since 1983. Chairman Egyptian Center Economic Studies, Cairo, since 1999.
Board directors International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama, 1979-1984, Vienna Development Institute. Member executive council American Society International Law, Washington, 1984-1987. Advisory committee Research Center International Law, Cambridge, England, since 1985.
Founding advisory, board directors Institute Transnat. Arbitration, Houston, since 1986. Honorary fellow Institute Advance Legal Studies, University London.
(On September 21, 1992, the Development Committee, a joint...)
(The unique experience of the author in supervising the Wo...)
(In May 1990, forty countries, together with the European ...)
Author: The Power of the International Court to Determine Its Own Jurisdiction, 1965, International Air and Space Law, 1966, International Economic Joint Ventures, 1969, International Guarantee for Foreign Investments, 1971, Treatment of Foreign Investments in Egypt, 1972, Secure and Recognized Boundaries, 1974, The Arab Oil Embargo, 1975, The Other Face of OPEC, 1982, The OPEC Fund for International Development-The Formative Years, 1983, A Program for Tomorrow-Challenges and Prospects of the Egyptian Economy in a Changing World, 1987, MIGA and Foreign Investment, 1988, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1990, The World Bank and the Arab World, 1990, The World Bank and in a Changing World, volunteer 1, 1991, Legal Treatment of Foreign Investment: The World Bank Guidelines, 1993, Towards Comprehensive Reforms, 1993, The World Bank Inspection Panel, 1994, second edition, review 1999, The World Bank in a Changing World, volunteer 1, 1991, volunteer 2, 1995, volunteer 3, 1999, Complementary Reform: Essays on Legal, Judicial and Other Institutional Reform Supported by the World Bank, 1997. Editor ICSID Review-Foreign Investment Law Journal.
Member Institut de Droit International. World Association for International Relations (Board mem). International Development Law Institute (Board Chairman).
Editor, ICSID Review, Institute of Transnational Arbitration. American Society of International Law. Research Centre for International Law, United Kingdom (Advisor Committee(s) mem).
Vienna Institute for Development and Cooperation (Board mem).
Married Samia S. Farid, June 18, 1967. Children: Sharif, Yasmine, Nadia.