Proceedings of the Twenty-third Army Corps Association, at its second Annual Reunion on the thirtieth day of November, 1866
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Isaac Ruth Sherwood was an American editor, soldier, and congressman. He was also the author of a popular humorous poem, The Army Grayback (1889), and his Memories of the War (1923).
Background
Isaac was born on August 13, 1835 in Stanford, Dutchess County, New York, United States, the son of Aaron and Maria (Yeomans) Sherwood. He was of English and Scotch ancestry, a descendant of the eighth generation from Thomas Sherwood who came to America about 1634. His father enlisted for service in the War of 1812, and both grandfathers and a great-grandfather were under arms in the American Revolution.
Education
He attended the Hudson River Institute at Claverack, New York, Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, then under the presidency of Horace Mann, where he studied from 1854 to 1856 and the Ohio Law College, Poland, Ohio.
Career
Sherwood early developed an interest in journalism, and while a law student, he purchased a weekly paper, the Williams County Gazette, in Bryan, Ohio. The most distinguished episode of Sherwood's editorial career occurred when, after having dared to give a favorable review to Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass in his newspaper, he received a note of gratitude from the author and an autographed portrait.
He was elected mayor of Bryan and probate-judge of Williams County. He was enlisted in the Civil War as a private in the 14th Ohio Infantry. After his three months' term had expired, he joined the 111th Ohio Volunteers, and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1864. Thereafter he was continually in command of the regiment, and in February 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-general for his gallant services at Resaca, Georgia, and at Franklin and Nashville. The explosion of a shell near him while in East Tennessee destroyed the hearing in one ear. He was then transferred to the East and served through the North Carolina campaign.
After the cessation of hostilities he resigned his commission and returned to newspaper work on the Toledo Commercial and then on the Cleveland Leader. He served as secretary of state of Ohio from 1869 to 1873, and during his incumbency organized the bureau of statistics.
He was a Republican congressman from the Toledo district from 1873 to 1875, but because of his financial views did not receive a renomination. He then purchased the Toledo Journal which he edited for nine years. From 1878 to 1884 he was also probate-judge of Lucas County, an office to which he was first elected by the National Greenback Party in whose ranks he was a prominent leader until he joined the Democrats in 1879. He edited the Canton News-Democrat from 1888 to 1898, but subsequently returned to Toledo.
In 1906 he was somewhat unexpectedly elected to Congress where he served seven successive terms. For many years he was chairman of the House committee on invalid pensions. Upon the passage of the war resolution of April 6, 1917, he was the only Ohioan in Congress to vote in the negative. He was defeated in the Republican landslide of 1920 but was elected again in 1922.
Failing to be returned two years later he retired from public life when almost ninety years of age, just fifty years after the completion of his first congressional term.
He was overcome by smoke during a fire in 1925 in the apartment house in which he lived in Toledo. Pernicious anemia developed afterward, and he died a few months later.
Achievements
Isaac Ruth Sherwood participated in one of the first engagements of the war at Philippi, Sherwood was ultimately promoted to brevet brigadier general for conspicuous service during the Battle of Franklin. He participated in the Carolinas Campaign, the final major campaign in the Eastern Theater. He served nine terms in the United States Congress, and was a noted pacifist during World War I. He served as the owner and editor of the Toledo Journal for more then a decade.
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Politics
He sponsored the Sherwood "Dollar-a-Day" law for Civil War veterans.
He became inclined toward pacifism before America's entrance into the World War and bitterly opposed large expenditures for preparedness. He believed that the United States should not get involved in a European war. Sherwood's pacifist views made him very unpopular in his home state, where Ohioans believed that he was being unpatriotic. He denounced the Volstead Act and the Anti-Saloon League in his later years.
In 1879, he chose to identify himself with the Democratic Party with which he remained for the rest of his life.
Personality
He was an ardent sportsman, a total abstainer from the use of tobacco and liquor.
Connections
He married Katharine Margaret Brownlee Sherwood, to whom he had been married on September 1, 1859. He had a son, a daughter, and a grand-daughter.