Background
LEPSE, Ivan was born on July 2, 1889 in Riga. Son of a worker
LEPSE, Ivan was born on July 2, 1889 in Riga. Son of a worker
Foundry worker; 1905-1907 head, Party organisation at a plant in Riga. Drafted into Tsarist Army. Wounded and demobilized.
From 1915 worked in Riga and Petrograd. 1917 chairman, Petrograd Rayon Bolshevik Committee. Helped found Metal Workers’ Union.
From April 1917 member, Centr Board, Metal Workers’ Union. 1918 secretary, Petrograd Committee, Metal Workers’ Union. From January 1919 political work in Red Army.
Fought in defense of Petrograd. 1920 comissar, 10th and lllh Division and member, Revol Military Council, 7th Army. 1921 helped crush Kronstadt Mutiny.
1921-1929 chairman, Central Committee, All-Union Metal Workers’ Union. Delcg, 11 th-15th Party Congresses. At 11th and 12th Congresses elected candidate member.
Party Central Committee. At 13th-15th Congresses elected member, Central Committee, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Member, All-Russian and Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Central Executive Committee.
Member, Executive Bureau, Trade-Union International. Attended many international congresses and trade-union conferences.
Religions convince people that the source of their misery lies in the inherent and unchangeable "sinfulness" of humanity rather than in the forms of social organization and institutions.
Peaceful coexistence among Soviet and Western block is a continuation of the class struggle between the socialist and capitalist worlds, but not based on armed conflict. The conflict is mainly economical.
Communist Party member from 1904.