Background
Jacob Duche was born on January 31, 1737. He was the son of Colonel Jacob Duché, a prosperous Philadelphian, at one time mayor of the city, and his wife Mary Spence.
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Excerpt from Discourses on Various Subjects, Vol. 1 He hath only to add, that the revifal and publifhing of thefe difcourfes was undertaken at the ini'tance of~fome of the molt refpec'table names in the lift of his fubfcribers to the firft edition, under whofe kind patronage, and in hopes of every indulgence from the candour of the publick, he hath ventured to fend them abroad. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Jacob Duche was born on January 31, 1737. He was the son of Colonel Jacob Duché, a prosperous Philadelphian, at one time mayor of the city, and his wife Mary Spence.
Duche was graduated with the first class of the College of Philadelphia, in 1757.
After a year at Cambridge University, he returned to Philadelphia in 1759 with deacon’s orders, and became teacher of oratory at the college and assistant rector of the united parishes of Christ Church and St. Peter’s.
In 1762 Duche went to England for ordination, and in 1775 he succeeded the Rev. Richard Peters as rector of the united churches.
Beginning in March 1772, he published in the Pennsylvania Packet a series of twenty letters over the signature “Tamoc Caspipina, ” a pseudonym derived from the initial letters of the words “the assistant minister of Christ Church and St. Peter’s in Philadelphia in North America. ”
Though trite and commonplace, these letters evidently found readers, for in 1774 he republished them in a volume entitled Observations on a Variety of Subjects, Literary, Moral and Religious.
Later they were reprinted in Philadelphia, Bath, London, Dublin, and Leipzig, sometimes under the original title, sometimes as Caspipina’s Letters.
With some of the later editions was included another work, “The Life and Character of William Penn. ” At the beginning of the Revolution, Duché showed such zeal for liberty that he was made chaplain of the Continental Congress.
In 1775 he published two patriotic sermons, The Duty of Standing Fast in Our Spiritual and Temporal Liberties, and The American Vine, the former of which was dedicated to Washington.
After the Declaration of Independence, however, he began to lose his enthusiasm, and when Howe took Philadelphia and put him in jail, he experienced a complete change of heart.
On October 8, 1777, he wrote Washington a letter in which he severely criticized the Americans and predicted their defeat. He advised the General to urge Congress to recall the Declaration of Independence, and if they should refuse, to negotiate for peace at the head of his army.
Washington turned this letter over to Congress, and the members of that body soon disseminated the news of their chaplain’s treachery throughout the thirteen colonies.
Those whose hearts had thrilled to Duché’s eloquence now cursed him as a traitor, and even Hopkinson wrote him a burning letter of protest.
Finding life in Philadelphia unendurable, Duché sailed for England in December 1777.
The following year the Pennsylvania Assembly proscribed him and confiscated his property, but allowed his family enough money to enable them to join him in England.
There he was rewarded for his recantation by being made secretary and chaplain of an orphan asylum at St. George’s Fields, Lambeth Parish, but he never ceased to pine for America.
He wrote to Washington and to many prominent Philadelphians, begging for permission to return, but it was not until May 1792 that the exiles at last came home.
Although Duché had suffered a stroke of paralysis before leaving England, he lived until January 3, 1798.
In his later days he became a convert to the teachings of Swedenborg.
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(Excerpt from Caspipina's Letters, Vol. 2: Containing Obse...)
Duche both had regular and handsome features, expressing kindliness and intelligence, and both had an unmistakable air of culture and refinement.
On June 19, 1759 Duche married Elizabeth Hopkinson, the sister of his friend and classmate, Francis Hopkinson.
