Background
James Oglethorpe was born in 1696 in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. The son of Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe (1650–1702) of Westbrook Place, Godalming, and his wife Eleanor Lady Oglethorpe (1662–1732).
(Offenbach's operas were a significant force for cultural ...)
Offenbach's operas were a significant force for cultural change, both in his own time and in the decades to follow. In this book, Laurence Senelick demonstrates the ways in which this musical phenomenon took hold globally, with Offenbach's work offering an alternative, irreverent, sexualized view of life which audiences found liberating, both personally and socially. In the theatre, the composer also inspired cutting-edge innovations in stagecraft and design, and in this book, he is recognized as a major cultural influence, with an extensive impact on the spheres of literature, art, film, and even politics. Senelick argues that Offenbach's importance spread far beyond France, and that his provocative and entertaining works, often seen as being more style than substance, influenced numerous key artists, writers, and thinkers, and made a major contribution to the development of modern society.
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( James Edward Oglethorpe turned his back on Oxford Unive...)
James Edward Oglethorpe turned his back on Oxford University, his family's Jacobite schemes, and a career as courtier to a prince to settle as an English country squire. But history was not to let him stay unnoticed. As a member of Parliament in the eighteenth century, Oglethorpe fought for debtors? rights and prison reform, and when he gained them, volunteered to found a new colony in America. Under his direction, settlements were established, strong bonds were formed with the Creek Indians, and the colony of Georgia flourished. He guided it during its formative years and protected it during war with Spain. That alone should have assured Oglethorpe of his place in history...but as he learned, politics and fortune are fickle. In this captivating biography, Joyce Blackburn details the career and life of this gallant gentleman, hero, visionary, and patriot.
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(THE MEN WHO SAVED GEORGIA, Oglethorpes Regiment Prepare...)
THE MEN WHO SAVED GEORGIA, Oglethorpes Regiment Prepared from contemporary documents byMary Bondurant Warren, 2015 Who were these men facing the might of Spain, badly outnumbered, yet turned sure defeat into victory a miracle! This is the story of those brave men who undertook to protect their families, and the Colony from 1738 to 1749 in skirmishes and war. Oglethorpes name and fame is well known, but these are the untold stories of bravery and sacrifice made by the private men who took up arms, followed his leadership to victory, and saved Georgia. Was your ancestor among them? Georgia was chartered by King George II in fall 1732, to receive men from Britains debtors prisons and their families, and to serve as a buffer for South Carolina from Spanish or Indian attacks. That mission was expanded to offer refuge from Foreign Protestants suffering persecution in Catholic Europe. James Edward Oglethorpe, a Trustee of Georgia, came with the first settlers, chose the site at Yamacraw Bluff, and named it Savannah. He sent Capt. George Dunbar to the Scots Highlands to recruit settlers, and many families came. Oglethorpe recognized the need for mounted militia to protect their scattered settlements, so organized the English and Highland Companies of Rangers. With the help of the Creek Indians, the Georgians expanded their settlements further south. Europe drew closer to war, and Britain faced off against Spain and France. All expanded their army and navy, preparing for conflict. King George authorized the 42nd Regiment of Foot, known as Oglethorpes Regiment, August 1737. June 1738 the soldiers set about building Fort Frederica and Fort St. Simons on St. Simons Island, and a chain of smaller forts. To enlarge his force, the former Rangers joined the Regiment. A Company of Boatmen manned their small navy. Money was slow coming to pay the troops, so Oglethorpe paid for wages and supplies with his personal money. He was still organizing the Regiment when The War of Jenkins Ear was declared in August 1739, and Georgians were at risk. St. Augustine, with its castle Castillo de San Marcos, built in 1695 seemed impregnable. The garrison was supplied from Havana, and outlying plantations. Cannon mounted on the Castle could fire on enemy ships at the harbors mouth, and protect Spanish ships within the harbor. Isolated Spanish forts further inland controlled river crossings. Yemassee Indians, and runaway Slaves from Carolina lived nearby and joined the Spanish in attacking Georgia settlements. Oglethorpe was ordered to attack and take St. Augustine. Knowing his limitations, he petitioned the South Carolina Assembly for troops, ships, and supplies. After much delay, aid was offered, and British Men of War ships were to assist in the attack. Key to success was preventing men and supplies from reaching St. Augustine from Havana. Men of War were to blockade entrances to the St. Augustine harbor. Oglethorpe and troops from Georgia and South Carolina attacked in July 1740. A Spanish sortie wiped out most Highland troops defending Fort Mosa. The ship commanders failed to blockade, and refused to remain. Oglethorpe gave up the attack and retreated to Georgia. He and many of his troops returned ill with fever, and the specter of a retaliatory Spanish attack hung over the colony. Parties of the Creek Indians protected Georgia that fall, by keeping the Spanish at St. Augustine with the Indians hit-and-run attacks. Retribution was still to come. Oglethorpe was warned in the spring of 1742 that there was a build-up of ships and troops at St. Augustine. He sent repeated messages to South Carolina, the northern colonies, and the British Navy, of a possible Spanish attack. He asked for assistance with men, arms, and ships, which never came. A flotilla of more than 50 Spanish ships, and 3,000 or more troops, appeared off St. Simons Island in July. Expresses were sent to alert Savannah, and Carolina, w
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(What more fascinating way of discovering history than rea...)
What more fascinating way of discovering history than reading eye-witness accounts? In all the histories of Virginia, who has improved upon Captain John Smith's original story of his meeting with Pocahontas? Who can give a better account of early Pennsylvania than William Penn himself? And could there be a better source of information about the Pilgrim Fathers, the early Indian wars or the Salem witch-hunts than those who witnessed the events themselves? Covering the period from the early Huguenot settlements in Florida to the Spanish exploration and colonization of California, this volume includes eye-witness accounts of the founding of St Augustine (the oldest town in the USA); the early months of the "lost" Roanoke colony; the settlement of Jamestown; the founding of Quebec; the voyage of the Mayflower; the establishment of New Amsterdam (New York City) and its later conquest by the English; and more. Read these accounts and make your own judgments. Introduction To The Series "After you've heard two eyewitness accounts of an auto accident, you begin to worry about history." This observation, attributed to the comedian Henny Youngman, summarizes the dilemma you face when you want to find out what really happened in the past. When you read a history book, the "facts" are actually the author's own interpretation, often colored by a conscious or unconscious wish to have you share a particular point of view. You're one step (or many steps) removed from the original source material. That's why the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States compiled this 12- volume collection of writings of people who actually witnessed the key events in American history - the actual actors in the events or contemporary observers of them. Past historians have spent decades locating, studying and consulting vast amounts of material such as this. This meticulously chosen selection brings you the essence of history as originally recorded by those who participated in it. You'll be reading mostly eye-witness accounts, by people contemporary with the events they describe, including many significant historical figures themselves. So you can make your own assessments, draw your own conclusions and gain an understanding of past events undistorted by the prejudices, assumptions and selectivity of professional historians. In some instances where there aren't reliable or easily accessible eye-witness accounts, the compilers have chosen extracts from objective, authoritative historians of past generations such as Francis Parkman whose judgements have stood the test of time. The extracts chosen aren't dry as dust: they provide an exciting, highly readable narrative from the living past. They're part of the primary source material on which all historical research is based - and these e-books bring this original, classic reporting to you directly. Through these accounts, your knowledge of American history will be immeasurably greater, your understanding of the key events in the building of the nation immensely increased. Founded in 1899, the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (VFW) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to foster camaderie among United States veterans of overseas conflicts, from the Spanish-American War to Iraq and Afghanistan, and to ensure that they receive due respect and entitlements for the sacrifices they and their loved ones have made on behalf of the nation. With this mission, the VFW has a natural desire to encourage a broad understanding and appreciation of American history, and this essential collection of historical documents makes a huge contribution to that aim. The VFW receives 50% of all royalty revenue from these e-books. This book is about 300 print pages long.
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(A biography of the English founder and first governor of ...)
A biography of the English founder and first governor of the colony of Georgia who was active in politics and penal reform.
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James Oglethorpe was born in 1696 in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. The son of Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe (1650–1702) of Westbrook Place, Godalming, and his wife Eleanor Lady Oglethorpe (1662–1732).
He was educated at Eton and attended Corpus Christi College before accepting commissions in the British army with distinction in the campaign against the Turks.
After his return to England he was elected Member of Parliament for Haslemere in 1722.
His initial activities on behalf of penal reform were spurred on by the death of a friend who had been imprisoned for debt.
Subsequent investigations exposed the brutality of penal conditions and questioned the wisdom of imprisonment for debt.
His humanitarian impulses were carried further in an antipathy to black slavery, attacks on the practice of impressment, and campaigns against drinking.
In 1728, three years before conceiving the Georgia colony, Oglethorpe chaired a Parliamentary committee on prison reform. The committee documented horrendous abuses in three debtors' prisons. As a result of the committee's actions, many debtors were released from prison with no means of support. Oglethorpe viewed this as part of the larger problem of urbanisation, which was depleting the countryside of productive people and depositing them in cities, particularly London, where they often became impoverished or resorted to criminal activity.
Oglethorpe and the first colonists arrived at South Carolina on the ship Anne in late 1732, and settled near the present site of Savannah, Georgia on 1 February 1733. He negotiated with the Yamacraw tribe for land and built a series of defensive forts, most notably Fort Frederica, of which substantial remains can still be visited. He then returned to England and arranged to have slavery banned in Georgia. Oglethorpe and his fellow trustees were granted a royal charter for the Province of Georgia between the Savannah and Altamaha rivers on 9 June 1732.
On 21 February 1734, Oglethorpe established the first Masonic Lodge within the British Colony of Georgia.
When Oglethorpe returned to London in 1743, his days of active colonial leadership were coming to an end.
Already the trustees were complaining about the cost of defending Georgia, and bitter charges were circulating in England regarding abuses by Oglethorpe and his appointees.
Finally, he lost his seat in Parliament in 1754.
His last years were spent in relative obscurity, though he maintained a friendship with Samuel Johnson and others of Johnson's literary circle.
(What more fascinating way of discovering history than rea...)
(THE MEN WHO SAVED GEORGIA, Oglethorpes Regiment Prepare...)
( James Edward Oglethorpe turned his back on Oxford Unive...)
(A biography of the English founder and first governor of ...)
(Offenbach's operas were a significant force for cultural ...)
He became known as a Tory member, opposed to the administration of Robert Walpole, and advocate of an aggressive British posture in the world.
Shortly after his return to London, Oglethorpe married Elizabeth Wright, a wealthy heiress.