James Renwick

Background

James Renwick was born at Moniaive in the Parish of Glencairn, Dumfriesshire, in 1662. His mother, Elizabeth Corson, had borne several children prior to James" birth, but all had died in infancy or early childhood.

Education

University of Edinburgh.

Career

Childhood

Renwick"s father Andrew (or in some sources, Alexander) was a weaver by trade. The young James was credited with having an affinity for the church from a very early age. Alexander Shields (and later John Howie) wrote:

"By the time he was two years of age, he was observed to be aiming at prayer, even in the cradle and about lieutenant."

Work

In 1681, he saw several Covenanters martyred in Edinburgh, including Donald Cargill.

At this point Renwick fell in with the United Society.

With their help he went abroad to study in the Netherlands, in Rotterdam, Groningen, and Leeuwarden. While in the Netherlands Renwick was ordained.

Upon his return to Scotland in 1683 he gave his first sermon, at Darmead, Cambusnethan, choosing passages from the book of Isaiah. Renwick spent the next five years travelling around Scotland ministering.

By July 1684 he was being actively pursued by the King"s mentor

In 1688, he was finally captured and ordered to swear fealty to the King (James VII and II). He replied,

"Number! Death

Renwick was thereupon sentenced to die by hanging. The sentence was carried out on 17 February 1688, in the Grassmarket, Edinburgh.

Following his execution, Renwick"s head and hands were severed and affixed to the gates of the city.

lieutenant was the 17th of February 1688 when James Renwick was martyred. Before the year was out, the Stuarts were in exile, and persecutions was closed.

He died as the herald of a more gracious day. "He was of old Knox"s principles," his adversaries said, when they noted his unassailable steadfastness.

But we may take our farewell of him in words which were written by one who loved him dearly: "When I speak of him as a man, none more comely in features, none more prudent, none more heroic in spirit, yet none more meek, more humaned and condescending.

He learned the truth and counted the cost, and so sealed it with his blood."

Renwick, being the last of "the Covenanter martyrs", was extensively written about by many Scottish biographers, among them Alexander Shields and John Howie, as already mentioned. In 1865, Renwick"s collected writings were published with an extensive biographical preface penned by Thomas Houston. Also in the mid-19th century, John Mackay Wilson published his Tales of the Borders, which contained a detailed narrative of Renwick"s capture.

Achievements

• Renwick was the last of the convenanting martyrs.

Views

Quotations: "He was of old Knox"s principles,".

Connections

Father:

Andrew Renwick

He was a weaver by trade

Mother:

Elizabeth Corson