Background
James was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States. He was the son of Timothy and Elizabeth (Hagan) Sullivan. He had one sister and an older half-brother.
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Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative Andd Referendum
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**REPRINT** Sullivan, J. W. (James William), 1848- Markets for the people; the consumer's part, by J.W. Sullivan. New York, The Macmillan company, 1913.**REPRINT**
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Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative Andd Referendum
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James William Sullivan
Edit ProfileEducation
He studied at the Carlisle High School.
Career
After completing all but the last year of the Carlisle High School, he became a printer's apprentice and quickly developed a notable skill at the craft, working on newspapers in various cities, including a period as editor of the Cheyenne Leader.
About 1882 he settled in New York City, where he soon became foreman of the proof room of the New York Times and an active member of the Typographical Union. He also became active in reform circles. For a time a follower of Henry George, he served from 1887 to 1889 as labor editor of George's weekly newspaper, the Standard. He was a member of the advisory council of the People's Institute, organized in 1897 as an outgrowth of the Ethical Culture Society.
During the late 1880's considerable interest in these features of the Swiss system of government developed in both England and the United States.
His wide travels and knowledge of European languages made him especially useful on missions abroad. In 1916 Gompers sent Sullivan to Europe on behalf of the A. F. L. to arrange for representation of the labor movements of allied and neutral countries at the postwar peace conference. After the United States became a belligerent, Sullivan became assistant to Gompers on the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense.
He also served on other wartime agencies, among them the committee which set the price of wheat in 1917. Sullivan had a natural scholarly bent, read widely, and wrote effectively on social and economic matters.
Thus, as head of a National Civic Federation commission in 1914, he returned an unfavorable report on the British system of compulsory health insurance - an attitude then shared by the American Federation of Labor, which regarded both health-insurance and old-age pension laws as socialistic. A frequent sojourner abroad, Sullivan moved to Paris in 1927. In 1934 he returned to his birthplace, Carlisle.
He died in Carlisle in his ninety-first year.
Achievements
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James William Sullivan was well-known as the author of popular work Direct Legislation by the Citizenship through the Initiative and Referendum. He also founded the Direct Legislation Record and did much to interest organized labor in the proposed reform, thus contributing to the eventual adoption of the system, in whole or in part, by eighteen states between 1898 and 1918. Most of Sullivan's later work centered in the labor movement. Besides his Direct Legislation and several published reports for the National Civic Federation, his writings include Markets for the People (1913), a study of problems of economical food distribution in large cities, and two books of fictional sketches: Tenement Tales of New York (1895) and So the World Goes (1898).
Works
book
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Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative Andd Referendum
(Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We h...)
-
Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative Andd Referendum
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
- **REPRINT** Sullivan, J. W. (James William), 1848- Markets for the people; the consumer's part, by J.W. Sullivan. New York, The Macmillan company, 1913.**REPRINT**
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Direct Legislation by the Citizenship Through the Initiative Andd Referendum
Views
Sullivan was one of the early American students of the initiative and referendum, which he eventually investigated at first hand in Switzerland in 1889, and he was a principal leader in organizing the movement to press for their adoption by the various state governments.
A vigorous and lifelong individualist with a leaning toward philosophical anarchism, Sullivan was opposed to reforms which might enlarge the role of government in economic life.
Membership
He was a member of the Ethical Culture Society.
Connections
In 1877 he had married Lillian Stewart of Huntingdon, Pennsylvania; they had no children.
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Born
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Died
September 27, 1938 (aged 90) -
Resting place
Old Graveyard, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States -
Nationality
American