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(Excerpt from A Family History: Genealogy of the Cooke Fam...)
Excerpt from A Family History: Genealogy of the Cooke Family 10. He died March, 1702, and left an estate of £340, the two 111arriages he fifteen children the eighth 111 we will designate as isaac Ist, though he had 11 8011 ac who died his 111 1673. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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naturalist physician public official
Jared Potter Kirtland was born on November 10, 1793 at Wallingford, Connecticut, United States, the son of Turhand and Mary (Potter) Kirtland and a descendant of Nathaniel Kyrtland, immigrant from Buckinghamshire, England, who settled in Lynn, Massachusetts, about 1635. His father, a stockholder and general agent of the Connecticut Land Company, moved to the Western Reserve in 1803, leaving Jared in Wallingford with his maternal grandfather.
Jared received his early education in the academies of Cheshire and of Wallingford, and under the stimulating influence of his grandfather, Dr. Jared Potter, reputed to be the best-educated physician in the state, he developed a deep interest in natural history and horticulture. At the age of fifteen he discovered parthenogenesis in the moth of the silkworm, a phenomenon previously unknown in that insect. This was his first scientific contribution. In 1811, having inherited his grandfather's medical library and money enough to finance his professional education, he began the study of medicine under preceptors. With the opening, in 1813, of the Medical Institution of Yale College, he became a member of the first class matriculated there. In the same year he was a private pupil of Professor Eli Ives in botany and of the elder Silliman in geology and mineralogy. The next year, at the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, he came in contact with Benjamin S. Barton in botany and Benjamin Rush in medicine. He returned to Yale and received the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1815.
From 1815 to 1818 Kirtland practiced medicine at Wallingford, and from 1818 to 1823 at Durham, Connecticut. At the age of twenty-five he was chosen probate judge in Wallingford. In 1823 he moved to Poland, Mahoning County, Ohio, where his father had settled twenty years before; and was soon reputed the best-informed physician in that part of the state.
He was sent to the Ohio legislature in 1828 and was reelected twice, holding office for six years. His especial service was a reformation of the penitentiary system by which industrial work for the inmates was substituted for the previous confinement in idleness. In 1837 he removed from Poland, Ohio, to a farm near Cleveland, but in the same year assumed the chair of theory and practice of medicine in the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati, which he occupied until 1842.
In 1839 he was president of the Third Ohio Medical Convention. In 1842-1843 he gave a course of lectures in the Willoughby (Ohio) Medical College, and in 1843 he became one of the founders of the Cleveland Medical College, the medical department of Western Reserve College. Here he was professor of the theory and practice of medicine until 1864 and professor emeritus until his death. In this institution over two thousand students came under his stimulating instruction.
Throughout his life he assiduously continued his observations and collections in natural history. He discovered that the bivalve freshwater mollusks are bisexual, although previously described as hermaphroditic. He also discovered the byssus, an embryonic organ of the mollusks. These discoveries, published in the American Journal of Science and Arts in 1834 and 1840, brought him international notice. When the geological survey of Ohio was organized in 1837, he was given charge of zoology. He made extensive collections, and in the Second Annual Report of the Geological Survey of the State of Ohio (1838) published a checklist, with descriptive notes, containing the names of 585 Ohio animal species which he had assembled. In 1839 he published in the Journal of the Boston Society of Natural History several papers on climatology, insects, birds, and, notably, the fishes of Ohio.
Kirtland was keenly interested in experimental floriculture, horticulture and in ornithology, trained himself to be an expert taxidermist, and instructed many in the art. He accumulated a large collection of birds and some of his personally prepared specimens went into leading European museums. That he might interest others in natural history, in 1845 he organized the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science, which was active until the Civil War.
Throughout his career he carried on an extensive correspondence with American and European scientists. His correspondence with Louis Agassiz was frequent. He accompanied Spencer F. Baird as a member of a natural history exploration to the regions around Lake Superior in 1853 and made an independent exploration to Florida in 1869. His public service was unusually extensive. Kirtland was a trustee of Western Reserve College from 1833 to 1835, and a trustee of the Ohio Agricultural College until 1870. For several years, beginning in 1851, he was editor of the Ohio Family Visitor, a paper devoted to domestic affairs and agriculture. Although nearly seventy, he was an examining surgeon for several months during the Civil War.
Jared Potter Kirtland was one of America's leading naturalists, with a great interest in horticulture and sea shells. The bibliography of his published articles includes nearly two hundred titles. He was one of the founders of Cleveland Medical College and Cleveland Academy of Natural Science. He developed many improved varieties of flowers and fruits, some of which are still popular, and made important improvements in apiculture. One of his many contributions to the Cleveland area was cleaner water. He pushed for the creation of better water treatment facilities to the city.
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(Excerpt from A Family History: Genealogy of the Cooke Fam...)
In 1849 Kirtland became the fourth president of the Ohio State Medical Society. He was a member of the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science. In 1869 it was reorganized as the Kirtland Society of Natural Science, of which he was president until 1875. He was a member in its first year (1848) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, of the American Philosophical Society, and of many other scientific and horticultural organizations.
Personally Kirtland was a man of commanding and dignified presence, of a benevolent nature, and of a friendly disposition. One of his biographers, a personal acquaintance, writes of "his universal and unextinguishable cheerfulness, the result of an enthusiasm in the pursuit of knowledge and an enjoyment of nature which kept him fresh and green and youthful to the very last. Sorrow and bereavement neither soured his feelings nor chilled his interest in men and things". The same biographer characterizes Kirtland's life as not only "one of the most admirable and useful" but also "the happiest of which I have any knowledge"
On May 22, 1815, Kirtland married Caroline Atwater of Wallingford, who died in 1823. In 1825 he married Hannah Fitch Tousey of Newton, Connecticut.
