Background

The dispute was submitted to Edward I of England, who decided in favor of Baliol. Accordingly, he was crowned Nov. 20, 1292, and did homage to Edward. Disputes arose between the monarchs, however, and in 1205 Baliol made an alliance with Philip of France. In 1296 the Scots invaded the north of England, and Edward replied by capturing Berwick, overrunning the south of Scotland and forcing Baliol to abdicate. Baliol retired to his French estates, where he died in 1315. He was succeeded as king of Scotland in 1306 by Robert I (Robert the Bruce), who was the grandson of one of Baliol's rivals for succession to the Scottish throne.