Background
John Lining was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland in 1708, the son of Thomas Lining, a minister, and Anne Hamilton.
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book
A Description of the American Yellow Fever, Which Prevailed at Charleston, in South Carolina, in the Year 1748 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from A Description of the American Yellow Fever, ...)
Excerpt from A Description of the American Yellow Fever, Which Prevailed at Charleston, in South Carolina, in the Year 1748 A Deferzjbtz'on of tbe American Yellow Fever, in a Letterfrom Dr. John lining, pby fiez'em at Charles-town, in South Carolina, to Dr. Robert whytt, Profejbr of Medicine in the Umbeg'fz'ty of Edinburghfi. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
https://www.amazon.com/Description-American-Prevailed-Charleston-Carolina/dp/0260262102?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=0260262102
An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever: Introduced Into the West Indian Islands From Boullam, on the Coast of Guinea, as It Appeared in 1793 and 1794 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever...)
Excerpt from An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever: Introduced Into the West Indian Islands From Boullam, on the Coast of Guinea, as It Appeared in 1793 and 1794 The mol't refpeé'table writers on the Malignant Fever have found infinite difficulty in afcertaining an appro priate mode of' cure: what but this are we to infer from the following paffages: I have obferved before, that a delirium would arife from two oppofite errors; one from large and repeated bleedings and the other from wine and the cordial me dicines being taken too early. It ap pears therefore how nice the princi ples are that regard the cure: thus, neither a hot nor a cool regimen will anfwer with every patient, nor in. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
https://www.amazon.com/Essay-Malignant-Pestilential-Fever-Introduced/dp/026023169X?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=026023169X
John Lining
Edit Profilephysician physiologist scientist
Education
Lining received an excellent training in medicine in Scotland. It is likely that he also studied at the University of Leyden but did not take a degree.
Career
Lining came to Charles-Town in the Province of South Carolina when he was twenty-two years old. His attention was first directed to those epidemic diseases, "which, " he wrote, "as regularly return at their stated Seasons, as a good Clock strikes Twelve when the Sun is in the Meridian". He had many occasions to treat yellow fever, particularly during the epidemics of 1732 and 1748. During the latter year, especially, he made a thorough study of this disease, and sent to Europe the earliest account, from America, of its symptoms and pathology. This description was in the form of a letter to Dr. Robert Whytt, professor of medicine at the University of Edinburgh. It was published in an Edinburgh medical journal in 1753 and reprinted many years later both separately and as a supplement to Colin Chisolm's An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever (1799).
The warm weather of South Carolina, contrasted with the rugged climate of the Scotland of his boyhood, particularly impressed the young physician and led him to study the effects of climatic conditions upon his own metabolism. This celebrated experiment, which extended over one year, was reported in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (vols. XLII and XLIII) in 1743 and 1745. Each day he noted the temperature, using Fahrenheit's newly devised thermometer, and recorded the humidity, the extent of cloudiness, the amount of rainfall, and the force of the wind. These observations were the first published records of the weather in America. At the same time he recorded his weight both morning and night, his pulse rate, the daily intake of food and water, and the weight of his excretions. This experiment yielded important data on the variations in the amount of the so-called insensible perspiration under different conditions of temperature and extended the observations made by the illustrious Sanctorius many years before. While Lining's results are now mainly of historical interest, the plan of his experiment and the faithful performing of the tedious measurements still arouse admiration. Lining extended his meteorological observations over several years, and his accounts of Charleston weather were published in communications to the secretary of the Royal Society in 1754.
He corresponded with Benjamin Franklin and upon one occasion asked the Philadelphia sage how he had arrived at the "out-of-the-way notion" of the identity of lightning and electricity. Franklin answered with a detailed account of the reasons that had led him to perform his famous kite experiment. Lining repeated Franklin's experiment, and he, too, soon gained a not inconsiderable renown as an investigator of electricity. A London inquirer sought information from him about the possible danger to the observer in conducting such investigations. His reply, published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1755, in which he emphasized the necessity of proper grounding and insulation of the apparatus, was very practical and quite indicative of his skill. He died in 1760.
Achievements
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Today Lining holds a secure position in the history of science as a distinguished member of that group of intellectual Americans who played a leading part in the early development of science and medicine in the United States. He was credited with the first weather observations made with scientific instruments and systematically reported on the American continent. He also conducted on himself experiments in human metabolism and wrote one of the first published accounts on yellow fever.
Works
book
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An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever: Introduced Into the West Indian Islands From Boullam, on the Coast of Guinea, as It Appeared in 1793 and 1794 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever...)
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A Description of the American Yellow Fever, Which Prevailed at Charleston, in South Carolina, in the Year 1748 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from A Description of the American Yellow Fever, ...)
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An Essay on the Malignant Pestilential Fever: Introduced Into the West Indian Islands From Boullam, on the Coast of Guinea, as It Appeared in 1793 and 1794 (Classic Reprint)
Connections
In 1739 Lining married Sarah Hill of Hillsboro, North Carolina, but left no children.
