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John Maclean was born on March 3, 1800, at Princeton. He was the eldest son of Prof. John Maclean and Phebe (Bainbridge) Maclean, a sister of Commodore William Bainbridge.
His paternal grandfather, a surgeon in the British army, was the third man to scale the Heights of Abraham in Wolfe's attack on Quebec.
Maclean entered the College of New Jersey well prepared in the spring of 1813 and graduated, the youngest member of his class, in the autumn of 1816. After teaching for a year at the Lawrenceville preparatory school, he entered the Princeton Theological Seminary.
For two years, he studied theology, but in 1818, he accepted a position as tutor in the college, and his ordination as a Presbyterian minister did not take place until 1828.
Maclean was appointed teacher of mathematics and natural philosophy in 1822 and professor of mathematics in 1823. In 1829, he was shifted to the department of languages and the following year appointed a professor of ancient languages and literature; in 1847, he became a professor of Greek. His early and rapid promotions were justified by his natural ability and the ardor of his zeal for teaching.
James Carnahan, the president of the college, lacked energy, which Maclean possessed in great abundance, and in 1829, the younger man was made vice-president, charged with the duties of a modern dean, with the raising of funds, and with the selection of new members of the faculty. The college was passing through a period of depression. The funds were low; the classes were becoming smaller; the professors were poorly paid. Some of the trustees favored a policy of shrinkage and retrenchment.
Maclean, on the other hand, proposed to turn retreat into a bold forward movement. He set forth to raise money for endowment, and came home with a goodly supply. Instead of reducing the faculty, he determined to enlarge it and to offer positions to men of eminence. East College was built in 1832 and West College in 1836. Through his insistence the college calendar was reformed, Commencement being changed from September to June.
In 1852 and 1853, he successfully resisted a movement to place the college under the control of the Presbyterian church. Upon Dr. Carnahan's retirement, Maclean was elected to the presidency on December 20, 1853, and inaugurated on June 28, 1854. His courage was severely tried the next year, when the interior of Nassau Hall, the oldest and largest college building, was ruined by fire, and his task of soliciting money began again.
The Civil War caused more loss of students to Princeton than to the New England colleges, but by skilful management Maclean held the faculty together through those years of trial. The students, though amused by his eccentricities, admired and loved the active man, who embodied for them the spirit of the place and time.
From 1866 to 1868, he served as professor of Biblical instruction, in addition to his other duties. On December 11, 1867, he resigned the presidency, but remained in office till the Commencement of 1868, when the alumni bade the affectionate farewell to him and welcomed his successor, James McCosh.
Maclean died at Princeton on August 10, 1886.
In 1826, Maclean founded the Alumni Association of Nassau Hall, the second oldest college alumni association in America. Among his numerous pamphlets, sermons, and addresses, may be mentioned his Lecture on a School System for New Jersey (1829), and Letters on the True Relations of the Church and the State to Schools and Colleges (1853). His chief literary work is his History of the College of New Jersey, in two volumes, published in 1877.
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Maclean inherited from his paternal grandfather a strong, active body, great boldness and versatility of spirit, and a scientific turn of mind. No president or professor of Princeton has been regarded with such a harmonious mixture of amusement and affection as "Johnny" Maclean.
The men might smile at him as he hurried about in his plaid and, laying aside his dignity, engaged in the performance of some proctorial function; but when they were in trouble he befriended them, when they needed money he gave them his own, when they were sick he visited them. After his retirement, he employed the rest of his life in works of charity and public service and in writing his history of the college. With the profits from this book he founded scholarships for poor students.
Maclean was never married.
1771 - 17 February 1814
14 August 1775 - 26 November 1828
6 November 1803 - 2 August 1829
18 February 1810 - 19 November 1894
19 February 1806 - 8 March 1886
5 February 1808 - 7 April 1843
29 October 1801 - 9 September 1849
