John Rock was an American gynaecologist, obstetrician, medical researcher and author, who played a significant role in developing and promoting the use of oral contraceptives.
Background
Ethnicity:
His ancestors on his father's side were natives of County Armagh, Ireland.
Rock, one of five children, was born on March 24, 1890, in Marlborough, Massachusetts, to Frank Sylvester Rock and Ann Jane (Murphy) Rock. His father was an enterprising businessman who owned a liquor store, dealt in real estate, and promoted the local baseball team.
Education
Rock graduated from Boston High School of Commerce. He also graduated with a baccalaureate degree from Harvard in 1915 and received the Doctor of Medicine degree from Harvard Medical School in 1918.
Rock worked a year and a half as an accountant for a fruit company in Guatemala, then with a construction firm in Rhode Island. However, he started his career as a scientist by interning at Massachusetts General Hospital and doing his residency in urology there and also at Boston Lying-in Hospital. After one year as a surgeon at Brookline Free Hospital for Women, he set up his own practice. His long professional relations with Harvard Medical School began in 1922 when he was appointed an assistant professor of obstetrics.
In 1926 Rock founded the Fertility and Endocrine Clinic at the Free Hospital for Women in Brookline, one of the first such centres in the United States. He directed it till 1956.
Rock also taught at Harvard through most of those years, and maintained a professional association with Harvard Medical School; he was a professor emeritus of gynaecology at Harvard from 1947 to 1956. Thereafter he directed the Rock Reproductive Clinic in Brookline until his retirement.
Among Rock's works one can mention Voluntary Parenthood and The Time Has Come: A Catholic Doctor’s Proposal to End the Battle Over Birth Control.
As a leading authority on the reproductive system and embryology, Rock played a significant role in developing and promoting the use of oral contraceptives and contributed to the understanding of infertility and reproductive problems. He was the founder of the Rock Reproductive Clinic in Brookline, Massachusetts.
A devout Roman Catholic, Rock challenged his church’s opposition to the use of the birth control pill.
Views
Rock was an outspoken activist for the use of contraceptives to control population explosion.
Membership
Rock was a member of many societies, including Planned Parenthood, and was a founding fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Personality
Rock cut a figure of New England collegiate elegance, favoring tweed jackets and bow ties and sometimes smoking a pipe.
Connections
Roch married Anna Thorndike on January 3, 1925. The couple had 5 children: Rachel Sherman, John, Ann Jane, Martha and Ellen.