Background
He was born on November 21, 1858 in New York City, New York, United States, of German parentage. His father was John and his mother Elizabeth (Scheuerman) Smith; the father came to America in 1853, from Bavaria.
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He was born on November 21, 1858 in New York City, New York, United States, of German parentage. His father was John and his mother Elizabeth (Scheuerman) Smith; the father came to America in 1853, from Bavaria.
The younger John was educated in the public schools, studied law.
He was given the honorary degree of Doctor of Science by Rutgers in 1891
After studies Smith was admitted to the bar. He established himself as a lawyer in Brooklyn, where he practised between 1880 and 1884.
As a young man he became interested in the study of insects and joined the Brooklyn Entomological Society. At first Coleoptera attracted him, but later he took up the Lepidoptera and became especially interested in the large group known as the owlet moths (Noctuidae). In 1882 he became an editor, and later sole editor, of the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.
Giving up his law in 1884, Smith became a field agent of the United States Department of Agriculture and spent two years in investigating insects affecting the hop and the cranberry.
In 1886 he was made assistant curator of insects in the United States National Museum, and held this post until 1889, when, with the founding of the state agricultural experiment stations, he was appointed entomologist of the New Jersey station. Here he began his most important economic work, which lasted until his fatal illness. Smith was president of the Association of Economic Entomologists in 1895, and the Entomological Society of America in 1910. He was prominent in the early work against the San Jose scale, and conducted many other important investigations of injurious insects.
On the basis of his early biological works, he succeeded in impressing the New Jersey people, and especially the New Jersey legislature, with the possibility of the control of the salt-marsh mosquitoes. He was also the author of a long list of papers, a number of them monographic in character. In addition to his research work, he was state entomologist of New Jersey, and professor of entomology in Rutgers College from 1889 until his death.
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He married Marie H. von Meske, of Albany, in 1886. She was a daughter of Otto von Meske, a well-known lepidopterist.