Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings: Executed in the Counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, Yorkshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Hertfordshire, Et Caetera (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings...)
Excerpt from Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings: Executed in the Counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, Yorkshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Hertfordshire, Et Caetera
Tm: ancient arti?s, and the great refiorers of architeéture. Attained- the fummit of reputation; fame, and profit, by ?ow and gradual a'dyances; but- enterprifing and int'et-efléd rhechanics, ino're anxious to acquire wealth, than to fecare fame, have found lhorter and either roads to ihcc'éii.
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Designs in architecture; consisting of plans, elevations, and sections, for temples, baths, cassines, pavilions, garden-seats, obelisks, and other ... Engraved on 38 copper-plates. By John Soan.
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British Library
T082195
A letterpress titlepage followed by 37 leaves of plates, the penultimate plate numbered XXXVI/XXXVII.
London : printed for I. Taylor, 1778. 2p.,XXXVIII plates ; 2°
General Description of Sir John Soane's Museum - Scholar's Choice Edition
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Description Of The House And Museum On The North Side Of Lincoln's-inn-fields: The Residence Of Sir John Soane... (French Edition)
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Description Of The House And Museum On The North Side Of Lincoln's-Inn-Fields: The Residence Of Sir John Soane
Sir John Soane's Museum
Printed by James Moyes, Castle Street, Leicester Square, 1832
Travel; Museums, Tours, Points of Interest; Travel / Museums, Tours, Points of Interest
Sir John Soane was an English architect who specialised in the Neo-Classical style.
Background
Soane was born in Goring-on-Thames on 10 September 1753. He was the second surviving son of John Soan and his wife Martha. The 'e' was added to the surname by the architect in 1784 on his marriage. His father was a builder or bricklayer, and died when Soane was fourteen in April 1768.
After his father's death Soane's family moved to nearby Chertsey to live with Soane's brother William, 12 years his elder. William was also a bricklayer.
Education
He was educated in nearby Reading in a private school run by William Baker.
Soane began his training as an architect age 15 under George Dance the Younger and joining the architect at his home and office in the City of London at the corner of Moorfields and Chiswell Street. Dance was a founding member of the Royal Academy and doubtless encouraged Soane to join the schools there on 25 October 1771 as they were free. There he would have attended the architecture lectures delivered by Thomas Sandby and the lectures on perspective delivered by Samuel Wale.
Dance's growing family was probably the reason that in 1772 Soane continued his education by joining the household and office of Henry Holland. He recalled later that he was 'placed in the office of an eminent builder in extensive practice where I had every opportunity of surveying the progress of building in all its different varieties, and of attaining the knowledge of measuring and valuing artificers' work'. During his studies at the Royal Academy, he was awarded the Academy's silver medal on 10 December 1772 for a measured drawing of the facade of the Banqueting House, Whitehall, which was followed by the gold medal on 10 December 1776 for his design of a Triumphal Bridge. He received a travelling scholarship in December 1777 and exhibited at the Royal Academy a design for a Mausoleum for his friend and fellow student James King, who had drowned in 1776 on a boating trip to Greenwich. Soane, a non-swimmer, was going to be with the party but decided to stay home and work on his design for a Triumphal Bridge.
In 1778 Soane traveled to Italy on a king's studentship. There he met the eccentric bishop of Derry (later Marquess of Bristol) and in 1780 returned to England with him, encouraged by dazzling promises of elaborate building commissions. These did not materialize, but eventually Soane established a successful practice, chiefly building small houses in Norfolk and Suffolk. In 1788 he was selected as surveyor to the Bank of England.
Career
In 1806 Soane became professor of architecture at the Royal Academy, and from 1807 until his death he delivered a famous series of elaborately illustrated lectures. In 1814 he became one of three "attached architects" to the Board of Works.
Soane's outstanding achievement was the rebuilding of the Bank of England (1788-1830), in which he gave the fullest expression to the highly personal style that he evolved. This was a primitive kind of neoclassicism, in which he abandoned the conventional orders of columns, entablature, and pediment in the interiors and replaced them by a system of flat wall surfaces with shallow recessions and with a severe linear ornament of incised lines and fluting. Structurally he made great use of shallow domes, clerestory lighting, segmental arches, pendentives, lantern lights, and mirror friezes, by these means often creating a sense of infinity within a confined space. His facades, in which he employed the classical orders, possess great dignity and elegance.
Other important works are Shotesham, Norfolk (1785-1788), Chillington, Staffordshire (1786-1789), the Chapel at Wardour Castle, Wiltshire (1788), Tyringham, Bucking-hamshire (1793-1800), Aynhoe Park, Northamptonshire (1800-1804), Pitzhanger Place at Ealing (now the Public Library, 1800-1803), Moggerhanger, Bedfordshire (1806-1811), and Dulwich College Picture Gallery in London (1811-1814).
Soane designed his own house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, London (1812-1813), and adapted it as a museum "for the study of architecture and the allied arts"; his collection of drawings, models, casts, paintings, sculpture, antiquities, and architectural fragments survives intact, and the house is now a public museum. He died there on January 20, 1837.
Achievements
Sir John Soane rose to the top of his profession, becoming professor of architecture at the Royal Academy and an official architect to the Office of Works.
His best-known work was the Bank of England (his work there is largely destroyed), a building which had a widespread effect on commercial architecture. He also designed Dulwich Picture Gallery, which, with its top-lit galleries, was a major influence on the planning of subsequent art galleries and museums. His main legacy is an eponymous museum in Lincoln's Inn Fields, which comprises his former home and office, designed to display the art works and architectural artefacts that he collected during his lifetime. The museum is described in the Oxford Dictionary of Architecture as "one of the most complex, intricate, and ingenious series of interiors ever conceived".
On 10 December 1772 Soane was awarded the Royal Academy's Silver Medal.
On 10 December 1776 Soane was awarded the Royal Academy's Gold Medal.
On 10 December 1777 Soane was awarded the Royal Academy's travelling scholarship.
On 16 October 1788 Soane was appointed architect to the Bank of England
On 2 November 1795 Soane was elected an Associate Royal Academician.
In May 1800 Soane was one of the 280 proprietors of the Royal Institution.
On 28 March 1806, Soane was made Professor of Architecture at the Royal Academy, a post which he held until his death.
In 1810 Soane was made a Justice of the Peace for the county of Middlesex.
On 21 September 1831, Soane received a knighthood from King William IV.
On 20 June 1835, Soane was presented by Sir Jeffry Wyattville with a Gold Medal, from the 'Architects of England', modeled by Francis Leggatt Chantrey it showed the likeness of Soane on one side and the north-west corner of the Bank of England on the other.
Soane did not like organised religion and was a Deist.
Membership
On 10 February 1802 Soane was elected a Royal Academician of the Royal Academy.
On 21 May 1796 Soane was elected to the Society of Antiquaries of London.
On 15 November 1821 Soane was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
Soane was initiated on 1 December 1813 as a freemason.
Connections
On 24 June 1781 Soane leased rooms on the first floor of 53 Margaret Street, Westminster, for £40 per annum. It was here he would live for the first few years of his married life and where all his children would be born. In July 1783 he bought a grey mare that he stabled nearby. On 10 January 1784 Soane took a Miss Elizabeth Smith to the theatre, then on 7 February she took tea with Soane and friends, and they began attending plays and concerts together regularly. She was the niece and ward of a London builder George Wyatt, whom Soane would have known as he rebuilt Newgate Prison. They married on 21 August 1784 at Christ Church, Southwark. He always called his wife Eliza, and she would become his confidante.
Their first child John was born on 29 April 1786. His second son George was born just before Christmas 1787 but the boy died just six months later. The third son, also called George, was born on 28 September 1789, and their final son Henry was born on 10 October 1790 but died the following year from Pertussis.