An Illustrated Dictionary to Xenophon's Anabasis: With Groups of Words Etymologically Related (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from An Illustrated Dictionary to Xenophon's Anab...)
Excerpt from An Illustrated Dictionary to Xenophon's Anabasis: With Groups of Words Etymologically Related
Simple constructions that follow a given verb, such as the direct' or 'indirect object,' are not indicated unless some other construction also is found in the Anabasis with this verb. When more than one construction is found, at least one citation is given for each. It may be thought that some articles are swelled beyond their due limits by the statement of constructions at length, but the editors have preferred to risk this criticism rather than to be too brief. They believe, too, that the fulness with which such words are treated will be found of real assistance by many teach ers, especially by those who teach Greek composition by means of exercises based on the Anabasis.
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The First Four Books of Xenophon's Anabasis: With Notes, Adapted to the Latest Edition of Goodwin's Greek Grammar, and to Hadley's Greek Grammar (Revised by Allen) - Primary Source Edition
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
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John Williams White was born at Cincinnati, Ohio. His parents were the Rev. John Whitney White, a descendant of John White who settled in Salem in 1638 and Anna Catharine, daughter of Judge Hosea Williams. From New England ancestors, among whom were Governor Carver, Isaac Allerton, Thomas Cushman, and John Webster, he inherited marked energy and independence, combined with a pioneering zeal which inspired him throughout his life to take the initiative in many academic enterprises.
Education
He graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1868. He studied in Germany and visited Greece. He studied in the Graduate School and received the degree of Ph. D. and A. M. in classical philology (1877).
Career
He published (1873) an edition of Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus, which immediately sprang into favor, and led to his appointment as tutor in Greek at Harvard (1874 - 77). At the same time he received an appointment to an assistant professorship, which he held until his election as professor of Greek in 1884. There followed twenty-five years of vigorous service, in which he rose to prominence as an aid to President Charles W. Eliot in the expansion of the provincial college into a national university. An article in the New-England Journal of Education on "Greek and Latin at Sight" broke completely from older methods of teaching by its insistence on wide and rapid reading. He carried out the principles he had laid down by many courses in Greek authors, of which those in Herodotus and Aristophanes were the most notable. He early interested himself in Greek metres, and in 1878 brought out a translation of J. H. H. Schmidt's Leitfaden in der Rhythmik und Metrik der classischen Sprachen (1869). This book, useful at a time when Greek metres were little studied in England and America, was superseded by White's later researches. In 1879 he founded, with Lewis Packard and T. D. Seymour of Yale, the College Series of Greek Authors, with commentary suitable for American students. He was the first to use the stereopticon for the illustration of Greek civilization. He seems also to have been the first to conceive the project of reviving in America Greek plays in Greek, and with his colleagues produced Oedipus Tyrannus in Cambridge in 1881. With C. E. Norton and W. W. Goodwin he organized (1879) the Archaeological Institute of America, and was its president for five years, and later its honorary president. In 1881 he became the first chairman of the managing committee of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, and served as its professor of Greek literature during the academic year 1893-94. He published many textbooks distinguished for their lucidity and an uncommon sense of the capacities of younger students - among them First Lessons in Greek (1876); Four Books of Xenophon's Anabasis (1877), with W. W. Goodwin; Notes on the Birds of Aristophanes (1888); and The Beginner's Greek Book (1891). Meanwhile his activity as an administrative officer was unceasing. He established for his own department a bureau for teachers, which later became the appointment office for the entire university. An ardent sportsman, horseman, and tennis player, he became in 1882 a member of the first committee appointed to regulate athletic sports and served as its chairman for several years. With J. B. Greenough he founded, and for many years assisted in editing, the Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. To it he contributed articles, as also to Classical Quarterly (London), Classical Philology (Chicago), and 'Efhmeriz' Arxaiologixh/ (Athens). In the classroom he was alert and inspiring, exacting rigorous accuracy, but kindly and sympathetic in correction. Many students in financial stress were helped by his unostentatious generosity. Affable and courtly toward all, he maintained close friendships with scholars of other universities, both in America and abroad. At the age of sixty he resigned his professorship in order to devote himself exclusively to his studies in Greek comedy. He projected, but did not live to make, an edition of Aristophanes in ten volumes. He died at Cambridge, May 9, 1917.
Achievements
His influence on at least one distinguished pupil, James Loeb, may be measured in the Loeb Classical Library, in the establishment of which he took a foremost part. Grieved though he was by the decline of Greek studies in American schools and colleges, he was willing to recognize the trend of the times, and against the opposition even of his friends he introduced a collegiate course for beginners in Greek, and another on the Greek drama in English translations. Frequent visits in Europe made him sensible of the value of older civilizations, while at the same time he never lost contact or sympathy with the liberal and progressive movements in America. As a preliminary, he published The Verse of Greek Comedy (London, 1912) and The Scholia on the Aves of Aristophanes (1914). The latter includes a masterly history of Alexandrian scholarship. These two works place him in the front rank of authorities on Aristophanes and, through Aristophanes, Greek life in general.