Background
He was born in Cadiz, Spain, on April 6, 1732, and spent the last 48 years of his life in Bogotá, the capital of viceregal New Granada and the later Republic of Colombia.
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections
such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact,
or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections,
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El Arcano De La Quina: Discurso Que Contiene La Parte Médica De Las Cuatro Especies De Quinas Oficiales, Sus Virtudes Eminentes Y Su Legítima Preparación
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/128750888X/?tag=2022091-20
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
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(El itinerario de fray Martín Ignacio de Loyola, editado e...)
El itinerario de fray Martín Ignacio de Loyola, editado en Roma en 1585 como apéndice a la obra Historia del Reino de China del agustino Juan González de Mendoza, fue un auténtico best-séller europeo durante cincueta años, sobre todo por las noticias de visu acerca del hermético Imperio chino.Reeeditada en la primera mitad
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(Este libro histórico puede tener numerosos errores tipogr...)
Este libro histórico puede tener numerosos errores tipográficos y texto faltante. Los compradores pueden descargar una copia gratuita escaneada del libro original (sin errores tipográficos) desde la editorial. No indexado. No se muestra. 1828 edition. Extracto: ...en seguida á evaporar á fuego lento en otro perol estañado sin dar lugar á que se enfrie la tintura, y se menea sin cesar con espatula de madera hasta que haya adquirido consistencia de jarabe: durante la evaporacion se forman costras de resina descompuesta, que es preciso separar dos ó tres veces por medio de un colador de bayeta. í Acto continuo, y sin perder tiempo, y mientras se evapora aquella primera tintura, se echa sobre el residuo otras cien libras de agua con seis onzas de ácido sulfúrico concentrado, y sigue cociendo por espacio de dos horas: despues se cuela por la misma bayeta, y se guarda en redomas, cuidando de que los barreños en que se cuela sean de vidriado blanco, ó que esten sin vidriar si no los hay de los primeros. Se vuelven á echar sobre el residuo otras cien libras de agua con otras seis onzas de ácido sulfúrico, se cuece y se cuela como la anterior. Se repite otra tercera tintura con las mismas cien libras de agua y cuatro onzas del mismo ácido, se cuece y se cuela: últimamente, se vuelven á echar sobre el residuo cincuenta libras de agua y dos onzas de ácido sulfúrico, y se cuece y cuela como las tres anteriores. Juntas y bien coladas estas cuatro tinturas se evaporan hasta su mitad poco mas, y en seguida se añade polvos de cal viva, desleídos antes en agua, formando una lechada, hasta que la tintura ácida haya pasado un poco el grado de una perfecta neutralizacion, y tenga un po co exceso de álkali: para conocer este pequeño grado de exceso, y asegurarse bien de él, se pone en un vaso como una onza de esta tintura, y despues de aposado el precipitado de...
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mathematician naturalist physician priest
He was born in Cadiz, Spain, on April 6, 1732, and spent the last 48 years of his life in Bogotá, the capital of viceregal New Granada and the later Republic of Colombia.
He graduated in medicine from the University of Seville on 2 May 1755. On 5 July 1757 he received his doctorate in medicine. From 1757 to 1760 he was interim professor of anatomy in Madrid. During those same years he continued to study botany at the Migas Calientes Botanical Gardens (now the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid), and also astronomy and philosopher mathematics. After studying medicine and philosophy at the University of Seville and continuing work in the natural sciences and mathematics while teaching anatomy at the University of Madrid, Mutis visited European centers of learning at government expense. These included Stockholm, where he came under the influence of the great Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus, who was to pay high tribute to the achievements of his disciple at Bogotá.
After three years of studies he decided to leave for America, as the private physician of the new viceroy of New Granada, Pedro Messía de la Cerda. He sailed on 7 September 1760, arriving at Santa Fe de Bogotá on 24 February 1761. During the long transatlantic passage he began writing his Diario de Observaciones, which he continued until 1791.
Appointed the personal physician of the viceroy of New Granada, Pedro Mesia de la Cerda, in 1760, Mutis accompanied this official to Bogotá, where for nearly half a century he actively furthered research and the teaching of botany, entomology, medicine, mineralogy, mathematics, and astronomy.
He advised viceroys on educational and economic matters while carrying on extensive correspondence with European scholars which brought him membership in the Academy of Science of Paris and of Stockholm.
From 1760 to 1790 Mutis kept a diary of observations on the natural sciences and made contributions in these fields both by original discoveries and by applying new knowledge to the rudimentary economy and medicine practiced in the Spanish American colonies, where he also introduced vaccination. Especially renowned were his studies of quinine (cinchona) and the establishment of its various pharmacological classifications.
From his arrival in the Viceroyalty, Mutis concentrated on his botanical studies, beginning work on an herbal and investigating for cinchona, which was considered a panacea for the treatment of all kinds of diseases. He wrote El Arcano de la Quina.
So beautifully executed were the paintings of his large botanical collection that it excited the unqualified admiration of the great German scientist Alexander von Humboldt, whose years of travel in colonial Spanish America resulted in comprehensive and well-documented works in many volumes that remain indispensable to this day. Mutis was ordained a priest in 1774.
He died in Bogotá on September 11, 1808. Because much of his botanical work was lost or unpublished, he is known to history not as a great scientist, but as a great promoter of science and knowledge.
(El itinerario de fray Martín Ignacio de Loyola, editado e...)
(Este libro histórico puede tener numerosos errores tipogr...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
He was the first to explain Newton's theories in that part of America, and he successfully defended the doctrine of Copernicus before the Inquisition.
He developed a meticulous methodology that included the harvesting of the samples in the field together with detailed descriptions, including data on the surroundings of each species and its utility. Hundreds of plants were discovered and described. More than 8, 000 plates, plus maps, correspondence, notes and manuscripts were sent to Spain. His museum consisted of 24, 000 dried plants, 5, 000 drawings of plants by his pupils, and a collection of woods, shells, resins, minerals, and skins.