Background
He was born in Boston, Massachussets, in 1828, to Joseph Helyer and Martha Stevens (Greenough) Thayer. He was a descendant of Richard Thayer an early settler of Braintree, Massachussets.
(Excerpt from Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: ...)
Excerpt from Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Being Grimm's Wilke's Clavis Novi Testamenti; Translated; Revised and Enlarged Both Professor Grimm and his publisher courteously gave me permission to make such changes in his work as might in my judgment the better adapt it to the needs of English speaking students. But the emphatic commendation it called out from all quarters, in a strain similar to the specimens just given, determined me to dismiss the thought of issuing a new book prepared on my predecessor's as a basis, and - alike in justice to him and for the satisfaction of students - to reproduce his second edition in its integrity (with only the silent correction of obvious oversights), and to introduce my additions in such a form as should render them distinguishable at once from Professor Grimm's work. (see j in the list of Explanations and Abbreviations given below.) This decision has occasionally imposed on me some reserve and entailed some embarrassments. But notwithstanding all minor draw backs the procedure will, I am sure, commend itself in the end, not only on the score of justice to the independent claims and responsibility of both authors, but also on account of the increased assurance (or, at least, the broader outlook) thus afforded the student respect ing debatable matters, - whether of philology, of criticism, or of interpretation. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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He was born in Boston, Massachussets, in 1828, to Joseph Helyer and Martha Stevens (Greenough) Thayer. He was a descendant of Richard Thayer an early settler of Braintree, Massachussets.
The foundation of his scholarly career was laid by a thorough classical education at the Boston Latin School and at Harvard College, from which he was graduated in 1850. After tutoring and travel in Europe he entered Andover Theological Seminary and completed the course there in 1857.
He was resident licentiate at Andover in 1858 and in 1858-59, acting pastor of a church in Quincy, Massachussets. On December 29, 1859, he was ordained pastor of the Crombie Street Church in Salem. For a brief period (1862 - 63) he served as chaplain of the 40th Massachusetts Volunteers. In 1864 he began a long career as teacher of the New Testament, serving as professor of sacred literature at Andover Theological Seminary (1864 - 82), as lecturer in the Harvard Divinity School (1883 - 84), and as Bussey Professor of New Testament Criticism and Interpretation (1884 - 1901).
Thayer's main interest was in the Greek language of the New Testament, though he read widely in the whole New Testament field and held positive views on theological problems that were controversial in his time. He accepted the newer methods of Biblical criticism that were causing much alarm and through his teaching and writing commended them by his own genuine religious piety and by his evident sincerity in striving for truth and accuracy.
As a teacher his work was marked by conscientiousness and enthusiasm; as a scholar, by industry, accuracy, and self-effacing modesty.
Only two small books were published as exclusively his own, The Change of Attitude Towards the Bible (1891) and Books and Their Use (1893). He wrote many articles and reviews and was content to put his time and learning into editing and translating the works of others. His Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, being Grimm's Wilke's Clavis Novi Testamenti, Revised and Enlarged (1887) is an example. Though nominally a translation it was richly supplemented, having received for some twenty years the full benefit of the accuracy and learning of Thayer's mind. When published it represented the full fruition of international scholarship to that date, and a new standard in New Testament lexicography. His hope that his work might be lasting rather than ephemeral is well fulfilled in this achievement.
Earlier, 1869 and 1873, he had published translations from the German of the New Testament grammars of B. Winer and Alexander Buttmann. While the revision of the English New Testament published in 1881 was being made Thayer served as a member and secretary of the American Committee. Here again his own learning was merged with that of others, but he more than anyone else bore the burden of recording the work of the committee and later of preparing and carrying through the press the American edition published in 1901.
In his presidential address before the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis in 1895 he proposed an American school for Oriental study and research in Palestine. The idea met hearty approval from other scholars and was realized by the founding of the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem. At the time of his death he was recognized as the dean of New Testament scholars in America.
(Excerpt from Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: ...)
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Thayer was president of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis for 1894 and 1895.
On November 30, 1859, he married Martha Caldwell Davis, by whom he had five children. One of his daughters became the wife of Caspar René Gregory, and another, the wife of Theodore W. Richards.
1801–1879
1828–1912
1859–1949
1872–1945
1863–1883
1866–1957