Background
Joseph John Thomson was born on December 18, 1856 in Cheetham Hill, Manchester, Lancashire, England. His father was a bookseller and publisher.
(Full Title:Ex Parte Sir John Thompson, K.C.M.G. Her Brita...)
Full Title:Ex Parte Sir John Thompson, K.C.M.G. Her Britannic Majesty's Attorney-General of Canada and Ex Parte Thomas Henry Cooper, Owner and Claimant of British Schooner "W.P. Sayward" Description: The Making of the Modern Law: Trials, 1600-1926 collection provides descriptions of the major trials from over 300 years, with official trial documents, unofficially published accounts of the trials, briefs and arguments and more. Readers can delve into sensational trials as well as those precedent-setting trials associated with key constitutional and historical issues and discover, including the Amistad Slavery case, the Dred Scott case and Scopes "monkey" trial.Trials provides unfiltered narrative into the lives of the trial participants as well as everyday people, providing an unparalleled source for the historical study of sex, gender, class, marriage and divorce. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ Monograph Harvard Law School Library c.1890
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(This historical survey of the discovery of the electron h...)
This historical survey of the discovery of the electron has been published to coincide with the centenary of the discovery. The text maps the life and achievements of J.J. Thomson, with particular focus on his ideas and experiments leading to the discovery. It describes Thomson's early years and education. It then considers his career at Cambridge, first as a fellow of Trinity, later as the head of the Cavendish Laboratory and finally as Master of Trinity and national spokesman for science. The core of the book is concerned with the work undertaken at the Cavendish, culminating in the discovery of "corpuscles", later named "electrons".; In the final two chapters, the immediate aftermath and implications of the work are described. These include the creation of the subject of atomic physics as well as the broader long term developments which can be traced from vacuum valves and the transistor through to the microelectronics revolution.
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physicist professor researcher
Joseph John Thomson was born on December 18, 1856 in Cheetham Hill, Manchester, Lancashire, England. His father was a bookseller and publisher.
When he was only 14, he entered Owens College, now the University of Manchester. He was fortunate in that Owens provided some courses in experimental physics.
In 1876 he won a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1880 he took B. A. degree in mathematics.
In 1880 the opportunity of doing experimental research drew Thomson to the Cavendish Laboratory where he began to develop the theory of electromagnetism. As set forth by James Clerk Maxwell, electricity and magnetism were interrelated; quantitative changes in one produced corresponding changes in the other.
In 1884 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London and appointed to the chair of physics at the Cavendish Laboratory. From 1884 to 1919 he was the Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics.
Thomson began his studies of the properties of "cathode rays" in 1894 and proved in 1895 that they carried a negative charge. In 1897 he passed the rays through a vacuum and showed that they are deflected in both magnetic and electric fields. Thomson made a conclusion that all matter, whatever its source, contains particles of the same kind that are much less massive than the atoms of which they form a part. They are now called electrons, although he originally called them corpuscles. His discovery was the result of an attempt to solve a long-standing controversy regarding the nature of cathode rays, which occur when an electric current is driven through a vessel from which most of the air or other gas has been pumped out.
In 1903 he had the opportunity to amplify his views on the behaviour of subatomic particles in natural phenomena when, in his Silliman Lectures at Yale, he suggested a discontinuous theory of light; his hypothesis foreshadowed Einstein’s later theory of photons.
Starting about 1905 Thomson made a close experimental study of "positive rays, " fast-moving particles which appear in a gas discharge when a hole is made in the cathode. By 1912, using his deflection techniques and measuring the charge to mass ratio, he had shown that neon was a mixture of at least two kinds of atoms, with differing deflectibilities. Thomson had thus opened the door to the world of isotopes and had provided a beginning for the method of analysis now known as mass spectrography.
In 1918 Thomson was made master of Trinity College, the position, in which he remained until his death.
(This historical survey of the discovery of the electron h...)
(Full Title:Ex Parte Sir John Thompson, K.C.M.G. Her Brita...)
In 1890 Thomson married Rose Elisabeth Paget. They had two children - a son named George Paget Thomson and a daughter named Joan Paget Thomson. The son went on to become a Nobel Prize winning physicist.
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