Speech of Mr. J. R. Underwood, upon the resolution proposing to censure John Quincy Adams for presenting to the House of representatives a petition praying for the dissolution of the union
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Speech Of Mr. Underwood, Of Kentucky, On The Bill Defining The Boundary Between Texas And New Mexico, And To Pay $10,000,000 To Texas: Delivered In ... Of The United States, August 7 And 8, 1850
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Speech Of Mr. Underwood, Of Kentucky, On The Bill Defining The Boundary Between Texas And New Mexico, And To Pay $10,000,000 To Texas: Delivered In The Senate Of The United States, August 7 And 8, 1850
Joseph Rogers Underwood
Printed at the Congressional Globe Office, 1850
History; United States; State & Local; Southwest; Compromise of 1850; History / Latin America / Mexico; History / United States / State & Local / Southwest; Mexico; Texas
Speech of Mr. Underwood, of Kentucky, on the Bill Appropriating 25, 000 Dollars to the Widow of the Late President: Delivered in the House of Representatives, June 18, 1841 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Speech of Mr. Underwood, of Kentucky, on the...)
Excerpt from Speech of Mr. Underwood, of Kentucky, on the Bill Appropriating 25, 000 Dollars to the Widow of the Late President: Delivered in the House of Representatives, June 18, 1841
Mr. Chairman, the suggestions I have made are conclusive with me, that the idea of an indemnity, for extraordinary services or losses by General Harrison, cannot sanction this bill that, upon its face, it is no indemnity, but a mere gift, based upon no other consideration than the partiality entertained for the deceased husband of the donee; and, as such,i present it for the denunciation of every reflecting citizen.
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Joseph Rogers Underwood was an American jurist. He was United States Representative and Senator from Kentucky.
Background
Joseph Rogers Underwood was born in Goochland County, Virginia, the eldest of eight children of John and Frances (Rogers) Underwood. He was a descendant of Thomas William (or William Thomas) Underwood, who was born about 1675 and came to Virginia from England as a boy. Joseph's father was a person of standing in his community and often represented the county in the legislature. His resources were so meager, however, that he found it impossible properly to educate all his children. Hence, when twelve years old, Joseph was sent to his uncle, Edmund Rogers, in Barren County, Ky. , who gave him the attention of a parent.
Education
Joseph was instructed for a year by Rev. John Howe, near Glasgow, spent a term under Samuel Findley at Danville, and later attended a school at Lancaster. He entered Transylvania University and was graduated in 1811. Later he started to study the law in Lexington under the instruction of Robert Wickliffe.
Career
Before Underwood had secured a license to practise the law, he volunteered in a regiment recruited to avenge the massacre at the River Raisin. Elected lieutenant in the 13th Kentucky Regiment, he became a part of the army commanded by Gen. William Henry Harrison. On May 5, 1813, his company was defeated and captured at Fort Meigs, and he was imprisoned at Fort Wayne.
In July he returned to Kentucky, received his license to practise law, and before the end of the year settled at Glasgow. He was town trustee and county auditor until 1823, when he removed to Bowling Green, where he maintained a residence for the rest of his life. In 1816, when everybody in the state was a Jeffersonian Democrat, he entered politics and secured membership in the lower house of the legislature, representing Barren County.
After serving four years, he decided to retire from politics but in 1825, during the excitement of the "Old Court, New Court" parties, he returned to the legislature as a representative of the former. He was reelected the next year, and in 1828 he ran for lieutenant-governor as an anti-Jackson man, but was defeated.
The same year Gov. Thomas Metcalfe appointed him associate justice of the court of appeals, in which capacity he served until his resignation in 1835. Immediately thereafter he was elected to the lower house of Congress as a Whig, where he served four successive terms (March 4, 1835 - March 3, 1843). He declined another term, and in 1845 was elected to the state legislature and chosen speaker.
In 1847 he was elected to the United States Senate, of which he was a member until March 3, 1853. A great admirer of Henry Clay, he served as a presidential elector on his ticket in 1824 and in 1844. Underwood remained a Unionist throughout the Civil War, though he had a son in the Confederate army. In 1860 he again entered the Kentucky legislature and served until 1863, when he finally relinquished public office for the practice of law and agriculture. The war made him a Democrat; he attended the national convention in Chicago in 1864, and the next year he was instrumental in reorganizing the party in Kentucky. He was a large man physically, benevolent, public-spirited, and truly a man of the people. He accumulated a considerable fortune. Underwood died near Bowling Green, Kentucky.
Achievements
As a national legislator Underwood favored the distribution of the surplus revenues among the states, and in 1837 demanded of Congress the completion of the payments promised. He opposed the famous rule of the House excluding slavery petitions, on the ground that the abolitionists would wax strong as the result of the agitation which would be raised if it were passed. He took the Whig position of opposition to the Mexican War and the acquisition of territory. Being a strong believer in liberty for all, he applauded the revolutionary movement in Europe in 1848, though he opposed the reception of Kossuth by Congress as meddling. In the troubles of 1850 he took a calm attitude and supported the compromise measures. Though he strongly supported the South on slavery, he never mentioned secession. He thoroughly believed in the colonization movement, and sought federal aid in returning free Negroes to Africa. He was a consistent advocate of national economy, opposing large armies and navies, the extension of pensions, the padding of mileage accounts, and various petty expenditures by public officials.
(Excerpt from Speech of Mr. Underwood, of Kentucky, on the...)
Connections
On March 26, 1817, Underwood married Eliza M. Trotter. She died in 1835, and on February 27, 1839, he married Elizabeth Cox, a daughter of the mayor of Georgetown, D. C. By each marriage he had eight children. A son by his second wife, John C. Underwood, became lieutenant-governor of Kentucky, and a grandson, Oscar W. Underwood, became a senator from Alabama.
Father:
John Underwood
Mother:
Frances (Rogers) Underwood
Spouse:
Elizabeth Cox
Spouse:
Eliza M. Trotter
Brother:
Warner Lewis Underwood
Kentucky congressman, United States consul at Glasgow, Scotland
