Background
Woodward, Joseph Janvier, , Pennsylvania 1833 1884 Male Physician army medical officer, was born in Philadelphia, Pa. , the son of Joseph Janiver and Elizabeth Graham (Cox) Woodward.
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Joseph Janvier Woodward
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Education
After graduation from the Central High School, Philadelphia, he entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he received the degree of M. D. in 1853.
He began practice in Philadelphia, and associated himself with the University of Pennsylvania as demonstrator in operative surgery and clinical surgical assistant.
Career
Later he was placed in charge of the surgical clinic of the school dispensary.
He participated in the first battle of Bull Run as surgeon of an artillery regiment and took part in all the engagements of the Army of the Potomac until May 1862, when he was assigned to the office of the surgeon general in Washington.
When the Army Medical Museum was established, he became assistant to John Hill Brinton [q. v. ], the curator.
In 1869 he was put in charge of the preparation of the medical section of the Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion, for which George Alexander Otis [q. v. ] prepared the surgical section.
This monumental work appeared in six volumes (1870 - 88), the first two under Woodward's name.
On June 26, 1876, he became a major.
The results of his earlier experiments are recorded in a paper "On Photomicrography with the Highest Powers, as Practiced in the Army Medical Museum" (American Journal of Science and Arts, Sept. 1866).
He was instrumental in developing many improvements in the photo-micrographic camera and its lighting.
Other writings include The Hospital Steward's Manual (1862) and the medical section of the Catalogue of the United States Army Medical Museum (1866 - 67).
He is credited with the authorship of Ada, a Tale, published in 1852 under the pseudonym of Janvier.
Woodward was of a sensitive, highstrung organization, and the confinement, anxiety, and labor incident to this duty proved too much for a mind and body already overstrained by incessant work.
His Official Record of the Post-Mortem Examination of the Body of Pres. James A. Garfield (1881) is practically his last writing.
The last several years of his life were spent on sick leave, the earlier part in Switzerland.
Am.
Asso. , Aug. 1884; J. S. Billings, in Nat.
Acad.
of Sci. , Biog.
Memoirs, vol.
II (1886); G. V. Henry, Military Record of Civilian Appointments in the U. S. Army; J. C. Hemmeter, in Military Surgeon, June 1923; Medic.
News, Aug. 30, 1884; D. S. Lamb, A Hist.
of the Army Medic.
Museum, 1862-1917 (n. d. ); F. B. Heitman, Hist.
Reg.
.
U. S. Army (1903); obituary, War Dept. , Surgeon General's Office, 1884; obituary in Press (Phila. )
, Aug. 19, 1844; War Dept. records. ]
Religion
He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Washington Philosophic Society, and the first army officer to hold the presidency of the American Medical Association (1881).
Connections
Woodward was twice married.
