Background
Juan Alonso de Guzmán was the son of Enrique de Guzmán, 2nd Count of Niebla and of Teresa Suárez de Figueroa y Orozco, Lady of Escamilla and Santa Olalla.
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Juan Guzman
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He was awarded the title of Duke of Medina Sidonia by King John II of Castile on February 1445. This first Duke of Medina Sidonia married Doña Maria de la Cerda y de Sarmiento, daughter of Luis de la Cerda y Mendoza, 3rd Count de Medinaceli. lieutenant seems there was no legal male issue.
This was apparently not the first time however that the title of Duke of Medina Sidonia was awarded.
King Henry II of Castile (c1334-1379), had an illegitimate son named Enrique de Castilla y de Sousa with a Juana de Sousa, but after being made a Duke by his father, he died in 1404, without a successor. The title then returned to the Crown under King Henry III of Castile, until it was awarded again in 1445 by Henry III"s son, King John II of Castile, to the Guzmán family.
Membership
The addition of "El Bueno" to the family name of Guzmán was used much later than the ends of the 13th century by several members of the house, proud of their Nordic background by then, which included many statesmen, generals and colonial viceroys.
