Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal, was a countess of Schaumburg-Lippe, married in 1780 to Count Philip II, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe.
Background
Juliane was the daughter of Landgrave William of Hesse-Philippsthal (1726–1810) and his wife Ulrike Eleonore, Landgravine of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (1732–1795). She spent some of her youth in "s-Hertogenbosch, where her father served as a Dutch general.
Career
She received a German education. Philipp Ernst, who was 57 years old at the time and already a widower, died after only seven years of marriage. Immediately afterwards, Landgrave William of Hesse-Kassel occupied Schaumburg-Lippe militarily, arguing it was a fief of Hesse, and vacant after Philip II"s death.
The Government of Juliane is considered extremely beneficial.
She conducted thorough reforms of the economy and education, downsized the court, continued the tolerant policy towards the Jews her father-in-law had introduced and managed to cut taxes. She appointed Bernhard Christoph Faust as her personal physician, and helped him significantly with the introduction of the smallpox inoculation.
She died after a severe cold and was buried in a mausoleum in the Schaumburg Forest. Countess Eleonore Luise (1781–1783)
Countess Wilhelmine Charlotte (1783–1858)
Count Georg Wilhelm (1784–1860)
Countess Karoline Luise (1786–1846).