Background
He was born to a wealthy Jewish family.
founders of Communist Youth League
He was born to a wealthy Jewish family.
First Secretary of the YCI (1919-1921), First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Russian Young Communist League (ЦК РКСМ, 1921-1922). In 1935 he was arrested and expelled from the Party, and shot in 1937.
Joining the Bolshevik party in May 1917, he took part in establishment a number of youth organizations: МК РКСМ (Russian Young Communist League by the Moscow Committee of Boslhevik Party), Moscow Union of Working Youth, Communist Youth League, and the Young Communist International.
In 1930 he was a member of a group in opposition to Stalin, which Stalin described as "Right-Leftist bloc" (Право-левацкий блок).