Fourth Of July Oration ... At Faneuil Hall, Tuesday, July 4, 1905: America's Solution Of The Problem Of Government...
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Fourth Of July Oration ... At Faneuil Hall, Tuesday, July 4, 1905: America's Solution Of The Problem Of Government
LeBaron Bradford Colt
Law; Constitutional; Fourth of July orations; Law / Constitutional; Political Science / Constitutions; Political Science / General; United States
LeBaron Bradford Colt was an American jurist and politician. He was a Judge of the United States Circuit Court for the First Circuit and Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. He served as the United States Senator from Rhode Island from 1913 to 1924.
Background
LeBaron Bradford Colt was born on June 25, 1846 at Dedham, Massachusetts, United States, the son of Christopher and Theodora Goujand (DeWolf) Colt. He traced his ancestry to John Colt of England, who came to America with Reverend Thomas Hooker in 1636 and settled in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1638. On his mother’s side he was descended from the DeWolf family of Bristol, Rhode Island. His maternal grandfather was General George DeWolf, who in 1810 built the beautiful mansion, “Linden Place, ” at Bristol, where the grandson lived many years, and where he died. His father was engaged in the silk business at Dedham, Massachusetts, and afterward at Paterson, New Jersey. Later the household was moved to Hartford, where LeBaron and his younger brother Samuel Pomeroy, between whom and himself there existed a life-long devotion, grew up.
Education
LeBaron attended the public schools in Hartford, prepared for college at Williston, and was graduated from Yale in 1868 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He was graduated in law at Columbia in 1870 and spent a year abroad.
Career
About 1871 Colt began the practise of law in Chicago as a member of the firm of Palmer & Colt. In 1875 he moved to Bristol, Rhode Island, and from that time to 1891 was a law partner of Francis Colwell at Providence. He was elected as a Republican to the lower branch of the General Assembly in 1879 and again in 1880, and on March 21, 1881, though not yet thirty-five, was appointed by President Garfield judge of the United States district court for the district of Rhode Island. On July 5, 1884, President Arthur made him judge of the United States circuit court for the 1st judicial district, and in 1891 he became presiding judge of the new circuit court of appeals for the 1st circuit. He remained on the bench till 1913.
Elected to the United States Senate from Rhode Island, as a Republican, by the General Assembly in 1913 and by the people in 1918, he served from March 4, 1913, to the day of his death. He immediately took rank in the Senate as an authority on legal and constitutional questions. He did not often address the Senate, but was an eloquent and impressive speaker, as a published volume, Addresses (1906), testifies. As chairman of the Committee on Immigration he was in charge of a new immigration bill, but refusing to acquiesce in its provision for Japanese exclusion, which he considered to be in violation of the “gentleman’s agreement” between Japan and the United States, he turned over the direction of the bill to Senator Reed of Pennsylvania, and with one other senator, voted against the exclusion provision.
Achievements
LeBaron Bradford Colt played an important role with his service in the judicial system of United States. He made an extraordinary impression upon his legal contemporaries by his judicial mind, broad knowledge of the law, fondness for his work, and intellectual clarity. Among the important cases which he decided were the Bell telephone suits.
Colt was a member of the Republican Party. He favored the acceptance of the League of Nations Covenant with the Senate reservations and opposed the Panama Canal Toll bill as an attempt to settle a judicial matter by statute. When it was proposed to appropriate $20, 000, 000 for Russian relief, he answered the argument that the proposal was unconstitutional by declaring that the Constitution must be elastic enough to supply the great fundamental wants of society. A confirmed student of history and the science of government, Colt believed that “America’s solution of the great problem of government is based upon the realization of the common sense of the average man, or the collective sense of the multitude of average men, as the active, controlling force, ” and was confident of the future prosperity of the Republic.
Personality
Colt possessed of a remarkable combination of humor and charm. He was tall, spare, dignified in bearing, and looked the part of a judge and a senator.
Connections
On December 17, 1873, Colt married Mary Louise Ledyard, daughter of Guy Carlton and Elizabeth (Morris) Ledyard of Chicago.
