1896-1897 postgraduate student, in Berlin and Paris. 1897 returned to Russia. 1907-1919 factory physician.
1919-1920 intern, Health Resort Selection Hospital, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic People's Commissariat of Health. 1920-1938 intern, then head, Therapy Department, Kremlin Hospital. 13 March 1938 sentenced to death for allegedly deliberately giving Soviet leaders and the writer Maxim Gorky and his son M. A. Peshkov incorrect medical treatment.