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He was born on October 4, 1807 in Boucherville, Lower Canada in 1807. His real family name is Ménard. He is the son of Antoine Ménard.
( This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923....)
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He was born on October 4, 1807 in Boucherville, Lower Canada in 1807. His real family name is Ménard. He is the son of Antoine Ménard.
During his studies, his teacher was Michel Bibaud. He graduated from Collège de Montréal.
Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine was called to the bar in 1828 and, like so many other ambitious young French-Canadian lawyers, embarked on a political career. He served in the House of Assembly of Lower Canada from 1830 to 1837 as a member of the Popular, or Patriote, party, which expressed the grievances of the French-speaking majority against the English domination of the executive branch of government. He did not, however, approve of the revolutionary action taken by Louis-Joseph Papineau in 1837, and he prudently left Canada to live abroad for 5 months. On his return Lafontaine was briefly arrested as a person connected with the rebels, but he was released on bail.
Lafontaine now began negotiations with Robert Baldwin and Francis Hincks, leaders of the reform group in Upper Canada, to work together for the achievement of "responsible government, " by which the executive would be made dependent upon the support of a majority in the elected legislature. In the new legislature of the united Province of Canada, after 1841, Lafontaine emerged as the leader of the French-Canadian reformers, eloquently expressing the political claims of his countrymen. He insisted on speaking French in the chamber, ultimately winning legal sanction for this practice.
Lafontaine's first collaboration with Baldwin came in 1842, but the administration then formed collapsed when the governor general refused to take its advice on the matter of appointments. Nine of the ten members of the Cabinet, Lafontaine and Baldwin among them, resigned office in November 1843.
In March 1848 Lafontaine was once more asked to assume executive office, again in association with Baldwin, and again in the portfolio of attorney general for Canada East. This time the ministers found a new governor general, Lord Elgin, ready and willing to act upon their recommendations and implement the concept of responsible government.
As leader of the French-Canadian group in the administration, it fell to Lafontaine to introduce the most controversial bill of the 1849 session, the Rebellion Losses Bill. This measure compensated property owners for damages resulting from the 1837 rebellion, a purpose which made it anathema to the "loyal" English-speaking population of Canada East. When Elgin assented to the bill, riots broke out in Montreal; Lafontaine was vilified, his house attacked, and his law library burned. Yet the ministry held firm, and the measure became law. The episode marked the ultimate test of the principle of responsible government.
Like his close associate Baldwin, Lafontaine was essentially a moderate man, and after the achievement of cabinet government his attitudes became more and more conservative. He failed to solve two of the burning questions of the day—the secularization of lands set aside for the support of the clergy and the abolition of the ancient seigneurial system of landholding in Quebec. Along with Baldwin, he resigned from the administration in 1851 and left public life. In 1853 he was appointed chief justice of Canada East, and a year later he was made a baronet. He died in Montreal on February 26, 1864.
Sir Louis-Hippolyte Ménard dit La Fontaine was the first Canadian to become Premier of the United Province of Canada and the first head of a responsible government in Canada. He was the first successful exponent of what became an axiom of Canadian political life: that the full participation of French-speaking Canadians was vital to the administration of national affairs.
In 1854 he was created a baronet by Queen Victoria and a knight commander in the pontifical Order of St. Sylvester by Pope Pius IX in 1855.
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(Lang:- French, Pages 116. Reprinted in 2013 with the help...)
A jurist and statesman, La Fontaine was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in 1830. He was a supporter of Papineau and member of the Parti canadien (later the Parti patriote). After the severe consequences of the Rebellions of 1837 against the British authorities, he advocated political reforms within the new Union regime of 1841.
Under this Union of the two Canadas he worked with Robert Baldwin in the formation of a party of Upper and Lower Canadian liberal reformers. He and Baldwin formed a government in 1842 but resigned in 1843. In 1848 he was asked by the Governor-General, Lord Elgin, to form the first administration under the new policy of responsible government. The Lafontaine-Baldwin government, formed on March 11, battled for the restoration of the official status of the French language, which was abolished with the Union Act, and the principles of responsible government and the double-majority in the voting of bills.
While Baldwin was reforming Canada West (Upper Canada), Lafontaine passed bills to abolish the tenure seigneuriale (seigneurial system) and grant amnesty to the leaders of the rebellions in Lower Canada who had been exiled. The bill passed, but it was not accepted by the loyalists of Canada East who protested violently and burned down the Parliament in Montreal.
He first married on July 9, 1831 to Adèle Berthelot (1813–1859). Their union produced no children.
The Hon. Sir Louis Hypolite Ménard, Bart. , then Chief Justice of Lower Canada then married Montreal, January 30, 1861, the widowed Jane Élisabeth Geneviève Morrison, (1822–1905) daughter of Charles Morrison, on January 30, 1861. Julie had married in Montreal, December 18, 1848, Thomas Kinton, of the Royal Engineers Department. This second marriage produced two sons who died in infancy; Louis-Hippolyte (born July 11, 1862) and Charles François Hypolite Lafontaine, born April 13, 1864 who died the following year. The elder son succeeded to the baronetcy at eighteen months old in February, 1864, but died in 1867. The family residence was St. Denis Street, Montreal.
