Background
Louis Blanc was born on October 29, 1811, in Madrid, where his father was comptroller of finance for King Joseph, Napoleon's brother.
(Excerpt from La Révolution de Février au Luxembourg Abou...)
Excerpt from La Révolution de Février au Luxembourg About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from Lettres sur l'Angleterre, Vol. 2 Le prix p...)
Excerpt from Lettres sur l'Angleterre, Vol. 2 Le prix pour le vainqueur etait de mille livres sterling Mace, qui sait? Pourra tenir un public - house. Et Goss'? S'il n'en meurt pas, ce qui est supposable, puisque la profession de ces messieurs est d'avoir la vie dure, il se consolera avec le produit des foulards vendus. Car, et ceci est un detail dont 36 sms redevable a mon brave colonel, tres - expert en ces matieres, quand deux boxeurs sont convenus de se mesurer les couleurs de cha cun d'eux sont portees par ses partisans, absolument comme dans les tournois les champions portaient les couleurs de leurs dames. Notez que cette chevaleresque habitude d0nne lieu, de la part de nos modernes preux, a une vente de fou lards, qu'ils achetent une demi - couronne et vendent une guinee. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from Dix Ans de l'Histoire d'Angleterre, Vol. 5 ...)
Excerpt from Dix Ans de l'Histoire d'Angleterre, Vol. 5 A ceux des cantons suisses qui sont catholiques, en criant anatheme au principe republicain; A la France, en proclamant le suffrage universel here tique; A tous les pouvoirs temporels, enfin, en declarant l'e glise non seulement independante de l' Etat, mais jusque dans les choses seculieres, superieure a lui? About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Louis Blanc was born on October 29, 1811, in Madrid, where his father was comptroller of finance for King Joseph, Napoleon's brother.
Financially ruined by the fall of the French Empire, the Blanc family returned to Paris, and Louis managed to earn enough from his writings to study law.
In 1839 Blanc published his most famous essay, L'Organisation du travail ("The Organization of Labor"). He outlined his social thought, which was based on the principle, "From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs. " His theories were based on solid research and expressed in vivid language. Unlike his predecessors, Blanc looked to the state to redress social injustice, but he believed that only a democratic republic could achieve an egalitarian commonwealth. Since every man has a "right to work, " the state must provide employment and aid the aged and sick. It would accomplish these aims through establishing "social workshops"-producers' cooperatives, organized on a craft basis. The workers would manage these workshops, share in the profits, and repay the government loan. Eventually, the worker-owned factories, farms, and shops would replace those that were privately owned. Thus the whole process of production would become cooperative. Though Marx criticized Blanc's ideas as utopian, French workers of the 18406 were intrigued by them. In 1846 there was a widespread demand for national workshops, and by 1848 "the organization of labor" had become a popular slogan. Articles in La Réforme, a radical newspaper, popularized Blanc's proposals among the workers, who adopted them as a practical reform program. Blanc supported the cause of liberals throughout Europe. In 1841 in Histoire de dix ans, 1830-1840 (History of Ten Years, 1830-1840), he denounced King Louis Philippe's foreign policy as pusillanimous. France, he thought, had missed a golden opportunity in 1830 to give Europe liberal institutions. A member of the provisional government formed on Feb. 24, 1848 (after the fall of the July Monarchy), Blanc persuaded his colleagues to guarantee the right to work, to create national workshops, and to establish the Luxembourg Commission to study and propose social experiments. But the national workshops became a makeshift relief program, a mockery of Blanc's ideas, and the government rejected his proposal for a ministry of labor. By the middle of May, the coalition of right-and left-wing republicans, which had overthrown the Orleanist regime, collapsed. Though Blanc had been elected to the conservative National Assembly, that body expelled him from the government in May. It also abolished the Luxembourg Commission and on June 21 closed the workshops. These actions provoked a workers' revolt, which Gen. Cavaignac suppressed during the bloody June Days, and the ensuing reaction forced Blanc to seek asylum in England. While in exile he wrote a 12-volume history of the French Revolution to 1795 and a history of the Revolution of 1848. Blanc returned to France in 1871 and entered the Chamber of Deputies. There he led a futile fight for a radical constitution, opposing the one that was eventually adopted in 1875. In January 1879 he climaxed his long career by persuading the Assembly to grant amnesty to the Communards of 1871. Blanc died at Cannes on December 6, 1882.
His political and social ideas have had a great influence on the development of socialism in France. His Discours politiques (1847–1881) was published in 1882. his most important works, besides those already mentioned, are Lettres sur l'Angleterre (1866–1867), Dix années de l'Histoire de l'Angleterre (1879–1881), and Questions d'aujourd'hui et de demain (1873–1884).
The Paris Metro Station Louis Blanc is named after him.
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(Excerpt from La Révolution de Février au Luxembourg Abou...)
(Excerpt from Dix Ans de l'Histoire d'Angleterre, Vol. 5 ...)
(Excerpt from Lettres sur l'Angleterre, Vol. 2 Le prix p...)
A socialist who favored reforms, he called for the creation of cooperatives in order to guarantee employment for the urban poor.
Blanc returned to France in 1870, shortly before the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian war, and served as a member of the National Assembly. Although he did not support the Paris Commune he successfully proposed amnesty to the Communards.
Even though Blanc's ideas of the workers' cooperatives were never realized, his political and social ideas greatly contributed to the development of socialism in France.
He argued that unequal distribution of wealth, unjust wages, and unemployment, all stemmed from competition.
Following the Revolution of 1848 Blanc became a member of the provisional government and began advocating for cooperatives which would be initially aided by the government but ultimately controlled by the workers themselves.
Also he was a member of the National Assembly.
Louis Blanc possessed a picturesque and vivid style, and considerable power of research; but the fervour with which he expressed his convictions, while placing him in the first rank of orators, tended to turn his historical writings into political pamphlets.
