Background
He was the son of the preceding, was born at Paris on the 17th of August 1754.
(Excerpt from Memoire Historique sur la Reaction Royale, E...)
Excerpt from Memoire Historique sur la Reaction Royale, Et sur les Massacres du Midi Il etait naturel de croire qu Il adopterait les opinions de F reron son pere et de M. L'abbe Royou son oncle tout lui en faisait un dev01r. Un homme dont le roi Sta nislas avait ete le parrain que la fille de Louis XV madame Adelaide honorait de sa protection semblait acquis a la cause monarchique; mais F reron qui avait eu Robespierre pour camarade de classe, devint bientot 'e mule de Marat. L' 0rateurdu peuple, qu'il fit paraitre vers la fin de 89, rivalisa de demence et d'atrocite avec les feuil les sanguinai res auxquelles le refugie de N eufchatel dut son odieuse renommee. J 'ai lu presque en entier cet 0rateur du peuple, et je ne reviens pas de ma surprise! Quel ton, quel langage, quelle audace insolente et quelles sinistres menaces des 1790! Le trone etait deja renver. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0266459706/?tag=2022091-20
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Réponse De Fréron, Représentant Du Peuple, Aux Diffamations De Moyse Bayle Louis-Marie-Stanislas Fréron
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journalist politician revolutionist
He was the son of the preceding, was born at Paris on the 17th of August 1754.
He accepted the revolution with enthusiasm and in May 1790, under the pseudonym Martel, he began to publish the radical magazine Orator du peuple, imitating the style of Marat, in whose journal The Friend of the People had worked for some time before. He also drew DeMoulin to cooperate and wrote articles in the journal of the last "Revolution of France and Brabant". He joined the cordelier club. He was one of the first who denounced the betrayal of Mirabeau in his magazine. July 17, 1791, among other leaders of the cordeliers on the Champ de Mars he took part in the drafting of a petition demanding the deposition of the king. The manifesto was dispersed by the national guardsmen of Lafayette, Fréron, fearing arrest, fled from Paris to Versailles, but after the abolition of martial law returned. In autumn he was elected chairman of the Cordelier Club. But he stopped to publish the "People's Orator"; in April 1792, he and Demulen conceived a new magazine, "Tribune of Patriots" (Fr. Tribune des Patriotes), but due to lack of funds, only four issues were published. By the way, by that time he had become friends with Demulen; the young wife of the latter Lucille gave Freron the nickname "Rabbit" (Fréron-Lapin). He was a member of the Paris Commune and took part in the uprising of August 10, 1792 (overthrew the king), although essentially as an observer. At the end of August, as Commissar of the Commune, he went to the department of the Mosel, to the Metz, for defense organizing. He endorsed the September murders and actively incited them. September 14, 1792 with 454 votes of electors from 647 was elected to the National Convention. In the Convention he joined the Montagnards. As the legislator he didn't show special activity. He voted for the execution of the king. He also supported the persecution of the Girondins. March 9, 1793 as Commissioner of the Convention was sent to the departments of the Upper and Lower Alps. His colleague on this trip was appointed Barras. After the suppression of the insurrection in Marseilles, Freron launched large-scale repressions in the city and its environs, carrying out numerous executions, arrests, requisitions, demolishing castles of "suspicious" gentry. He even replaced the name "Marcel" with "Nameless City", but later the Convention canceled this renaming. In January 1794, he arrested the members of the Marseilles revolutionary tribunal, finding them too moderate, and replaced them with the "commission of Brutus Leroy", named after its chairman; the commisson sentenced to death 124 of the 219 accused. They alleged that, in punishment of the city, he even wanted to cover the Old Port, dropping the hill of Notre-Dame de la Garde into it. Suppress the mutiny in Toulon was more difficult than in Marseille: the rebels surrendered the city to the English squadron. But thanks to Bonaparte, who commanded the artillery of the besiegers, on December 19, 1793, the Republicans seized the city. Freron personally took part in the storming of the fort Mühlgrave and excelled in bravery, deserving the praise of the commander, General Dugomier. Every day, according to his order, from one hundred and fifty to three hundred people were shot. Barras and Freron appropriated the property of the executed; Frankly, Freron quickly squandered the money. However, on January 23, 1794, the Committee of Public Safety revoke them. After the victory of the Thermidorians, Freeron became a member of the all-powerful "triumvirate", which included also Talien and Barras. Made a proposal for the arrest of Fouquier-Tenville. From the 17th Thermidor for several weeks was the secretary of the Convention. 9 fruktidora (August 26, II year) delivered a fiery speech in the Convention to defend freedom of the press. Repeatedly spoke against the Jacobins and on September 3 (17 fruktidora) was expelled from the Jacobin club, along with Tallien and Lequentre. With 25 fruktidora (September 11), he resumed publication of the "People's Orator", where, with the same pathos, he already branded "the left Thermidorians" - Collot d'Herbois, Bijo Varenna, Vadier, etc. , as "Robespierre's". However, the left (such as Moise Beyle) did not remain in debt and wrote pamphlets against him, in response to his anathemas to the robsbearista and Terror, recalling his former extreme radicalism, particularly in Toulon and Marseilles. Freron became the ideological inspirer of the "Muscadenes", the youth gangs, where they accepted all the opponents of Jacobinism; they were called the "golden youth of Freeron. "Freron took an active part in suppressing the uprisings of 12 Germinal (April 1, 1795) and 1 Prairial (May 20). During the first, he, along with Barras, commanded the National Guard, who drove out the rebels from the Convention. After this uprising, the "Left Jacobins" were also largely convicted. During the Pre-Perlian uprising, Freron apparently could understand how a simple people treated him: deputy Fero, after accepting him for the "Freron, " the rebels chopped off his head and put it on a peak. However, the murderers of Fero were executed. On May 23 he, sent by the Convention to the army of General Menu, succeeded in capitulating the St. Antoine suburbs, threatening the cannonade and promising the constitution of 1793 and the release of those arrested. However, Freron's influence began to fall gradually. If the Jacobins hated him, then the royalists, who were becoming increasingly stronger, did not forget the suppressions of the uprisings in the South. He lost influence also on the "golden youth", which increasingly sympathized with the royalists. But the Directory was not interested in the victory of the latter and suppressed their rebellion of the 12th Wangmember (October 5), again with the active participation of Freron who campaigned for the "patriots of the year 89". In 1795, Freron was not re-elected to the new composition of the Convention, but thanks to the patronage of Barras, he was once again appointed Commissioner of the Convention in the South. After receiving several orders from Paris to return, on January 27, 1796, Freron left. For several years he was completely without money and on the verge of poverty. At the Consulate, Lucien Bonaparte, who became Minister of the Interior, appointed him manager of the Paris almshouses. Three months later, he received an appointment as a sub-prefect of the city of Le-Quay in San Domingo. A few months after arriving in the place, he fell ill, according to some data, dysentery, on another - yellow fever and died on July 15, 1802.
(Excerpt from Memoire Historique sur la Reaction Royale, E...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)