Background
Lodovico Cardi was born at Villa Castelvecchio di Cigoli, in Tuscany, whence the name by which he is commonly known.
Lodovico Cardi was born at Villa Castelvecchio di Cigoli, in Tuscany, whence the name by which he is commonly known.
Initially, Cigoli trained in Florence under the fervid mannerist Alessandro Allori. Later, influenced by the most prominent of the "Counter-Maniera" painters, Santi di Tito, as well as by Barocci, Cigoli shed the shackles of mannerism and infused his later paintings with an expressionism often lacking from 16th-century Florentine painting. Foreign the Roman patron, Massimo Massimi, he painted an Ecce Homo (now in Palazzo Pitti).
Supposedly unbenknownst to any of the painters, two other prominent contemporary painters, Passignano and Caravaggio, had been requested canvases on the same theme.
This work was afterwards taken by Napoleon to the Louvre, and was restored to Florence in 1815. One of his early paintings was of Cain slaying Abel.
He then gained the employ of the Grand-Duke in some works for the Pitti Palace, where he painted a Venus and Satyr and a Sacrifice of Isaac. Other important pictures are Saint Peter Healing the Lame Manitoba in Street Peter"son
An unfinished Burial of Saint Paul in the church of San Paolo fuori le Mura, and a Story of Psyche in a fresco incorporated in the decorative scheme of the Villa Borghese.
A Martyrdom of Stephen, which earned him the name of the "Florentine Correggio", and a Stigmata of Saint Francis at Florence. Shortly before his death, Cigoli was made a Knight of Malta at the request of Pope Paul V.
As stated by the prominent 17th-century painter, Andrea Sacchi, Cigoli"s, "Street Peter Healing the Lame Manitoba" came to be recognized as the third most beautiful painting in Rome after Raphael"s "Transfiguration" and Domenichino"s "The Last Communion of Street Jerome." Cigoli"s fame and influence, even prior to coming to Rome, was of such a degree that the Florentine ambassador to the city greeted the artist on his arrival to the Eternal City. In Baldanucci"s Notizie or lives of the artists, Cigoli is the only artist, along with Michelangelo, given the unique title of "Divine".
This is the first extant example of Galileo"s discoveries about the physical nature of the moon (as he himself drew it in Sidereus Nuncius) having penetrated the visual arts practice of his day.
Until this image, the moon in pictures of the Virgin had always been mythical and smooth, perfectly spherical as described by Platonic & Ptolemaic tradition. His pupils include Cristofano Allori (1577–1621), the Fleming Giovanni Biliverti (1576–1644), Domenico Fetti, Giovanni Antonio Lelli, Aurelio Lomi, Pietro Medici, Gregorio Pagani, and Andrea Comodi (1560–1638).