Background
MENZHINSKAYA, Lyudmila was born in 1876. Daughter of a history professor
MENZHINSKAYA, Lyudmila was born in 1876. Daughter of a history professor
Graduate Mariinskaya Girls High-School and three-year teachers’ training course.
From 1896 teacher, Number. 1 Narva School; then until 1917 teacher, Number. 5 Pelrograd City Girls College.
Simultaneously taught evening and Sunday courses at Smolensk (Kornilov) School in Petrograd. From 1905 worked for Military Section, Central Committee, Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party, storing and delivering weapons and explosives. Then secretary, Saint St. Petersburg Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Committee.
Helped organize Social-Democratic Teachers Congress. 1912-1914 contributed to newspaper “Pravda”. 1914 member, Russian Section, editorial board of journal “Rabotnitsa”.
1914 arrested; after release active Marxist propaganda among teachers. Lectured to Marxist workers’ circles and at schools. After 1917 February Revol worked for secretariat, Central Committee, Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks).
July—August 1917 member, secretariat, 6th Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Congress. From fall 1917 member, Petrograd 1st City Rayon Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Committee and member, Petrograd Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Committee. January 1918 appointed government cornr, People's Commissariat of Education.
1919 acting Deputy People's Commissar of Education. 1921 appointed deputy head, Women Workers Department, Central Committee, Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks). Then chairman, All-Russian Extraordinary Commission to Eliminate Illiteracy.
August 1922—March 1924 Collegium member, Ukraine People's Commissariat of Education. Then worked in Moscow. 1926-1927 incapacitated by ill health.
1927-1928 prorector, Academy of Communist Training. From 1928 worked for Agitation and Propaganda Department, Central Committee, Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks). Then deputy head, Moscow Publ Education Department.
From 1931 deputy director and director of studies, Moscow Oblast Indiana Teachers’ Training Combine.
All religious orders impose irrational rules of good and bad behaviour.
Every person has rights to express his or her opinion, but the opinion could be expressed if it was in accordance with the general interests of Soviet society.
Communist Party member from 1904.