Education
Until 1896 studied at Saint St. Petersburg Tcchnol Institute.
Until 1896 studied at Saint St. Petersburg Tcchnol Institute.
1895 joined Lenin’s League for the Liberation of the Working Class. 1896 arrested for publishing and distributing illegal lit and for organizing strikes. Imprisoned for three years in Kresty Jail, then deported to Germany.
1906 moved to England. 1916 moved to United States of America continued revol work abroad. January 1919 appointed Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic representative in United States of America.
United States government rejected all his efforts to establish dipl and trade relations between Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and United States of America and ordered him deported from United States of America. Returned to Moscow; from 1921 exec admin and teaching work in Moscow. From 1921 Presidium member, Supreme Economic Council and chairman, Main Metal Trust.
1926-1927 chairman, Committee for Inventions. 1926-1929 professor and rector, Moscow Mechanical Institute. 1926-1936 director, research institute
From 1929 learned secretary, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Academy of Sciences. 1927-1941 chief ed, Tekhnicheskaya entsiklopediya (Technical Encyclopedia). 1930 designed high-speed, singlevalve high-compression engine.
Wrote numerous sci works.