Martina Navratilova in action. Photo by Reg Lancaster/Daily Express/Hulton Archive.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1976
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a forehand return to Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Semi Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Don Morley/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1978
Martina Navratilova. Photo by Evening Standard/Hulton Archive.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1978
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova during competition to progress to the semifinals of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York City. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1979
College Rd, Eastbourne BN21 4JJ, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova plays tennis on the outdoor grass court at Devonshire Park during the Colgate International Women's Tennis Tournament, Eastbourne. Photo by Bryn Colton.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1982
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova holds the Venus Rosewater Dish after defeating Chris Evert-Lloyd in their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1982
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a low forehand return to Chris Evert-Lloyd during their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1983
New York City, New York, United States
Martina Navratilova reacts after winning her first U.S. Open Tennis Championship against defending champion Chris Evert Lloyd.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1983
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
(From left to right) Wendy Turnbull, Rosie Casals, Martina Navratilova, and Pam Shriver before the Women's Doubles Final at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by David Cannon/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1984
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova in action competing to progress to reach and win the final of the Ladies' Singles tournament against fellow American Chris Evert-Lloyd 7-6, 6-2 at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1984
2 Avenue Gordon Bennett, 75016 Paris, France
Martina Navratilova holds the Suzanne-Lenglen Cup after her victory over Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Final match at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros Stadium in Paris. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1984
2 Avenue Gordon Bennett, 75016 Paris, France
Martina Navratilova makes a backhand return against Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Final match at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros Stadium in Paris. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1985
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova holds the Venus Rosewater Dish trophy up in the air after winning the final of the Ladies' Singles tournament against fellow American Chris Evert-Lloyd 4-6, 6-3, 6-2 at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1985
4 Pennsylvania Plaza, New York, NY 10001, United States
Martina Navratilova holds the trophy after defeating Helena Sukova to win the final of the Virginia Slims Championships Singles tennis tournament, 6-3, 7-5, 6-4, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1985
College Rd, Eastbourne BN21 4JJ, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova holds her trophy after winning at the Pilkington Glass Championships at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club in Eastbourne. Photo by Jack Kay/Daily Express/Hulton Archive.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1986
2 Avenue Gordon Bennett, 75016 Paris, France
Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert-Lloyd (right) with the trophies, after Evert beat Navratilova to win the Women's Singles title at the French Open, Stade Roland Garros, Paris. Photo by Trevor Jones.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1986
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova in action during competition to progress to win the final of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1987
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova celebrates winning the Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1987
2 Avenue Gordon Bennett, 75016 Paris, France
Martina Navratilova during the Women's Singles Semi Final match against Chris Evert at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris. Photo by Trevor Jones.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1987
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a return during the Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1988
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova of the United States pumps her fist during her Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1989
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova (right) and Steffi Graf before the final of the Women's Singles tournament at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1990
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a return during the Women's Singles Final match against Zina Garrison at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1990
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a backhand return during the Women's Singles Final match against Zina Garrison at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1990
London, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova with her trophy after winning the Women's Singles at the Wimbledon Championships, London. Photo by Georges De Keerle.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1991
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova in action competing to reach the final of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1993
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a backhand return during her Women's Singles match against Helena Sukova at the U.S. Open Tennis Championship at the USTA National Tennis Center in the Flushing neighbourhood of Queens in New York City. Photo by Simon Bruty.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1994
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova clenches her fists with emotion during her Women's Singles match against Gigi Fernandez at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
1995
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova and Jonathan Stark of the United States celebrate winning the Mixed Doubles Final match against Gigi Fernandez and Cyril Suk during the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2007
201 W Atlantic Ave, Delray Beach, FL 33444, United States
Chris Evert (left) and Martina Navratilova at the Chris Evert/Raymond James Pro-Celebrity Tennis Classic at the Delray Beach Tennis Center in Delray Beach, Florida. Photo by Jeff Daly/FilmMagic.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2010
Indian Wells, California, United States
Martina Navratilova and Justine Henin of Belgium (right) high five during their doubles match against Steffi Graf and Lindsay Davenport during Hit for Haiti, a charity event during the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, California. Photo by Kevork Djansezian.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2010
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna (left) of Czech Republic celebrate winning the Ladies Invitational Doubles Final against Tracy Austin and Kathy Rinaldi-Stunkel of USA on Day Thirteen of the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, London. Photo by Matthew Stockman.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2013
Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Martina Navratilova (right) and Patricia Sellers speak onstage at the FORTUNE Most Powerful Women Summit, Washington, D.C. Photo by Paul Morigi.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2014
201 W Atlantic Ave, Delray Beach, FL 33444, United States
Martina Navratilova participates in 25th Annual Chris Evert/Raymond James Pro-Celebrity Tennis Classic at Delray Beach Tennis Center, Delray Beach, Florida. Photo by Larry Marano.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2014
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
(From left to right) Martina Navratilova, Serena Williams, and Chris Evert after the women's singles final match on Day fourteen of the U.S. Open at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, New York City. Photo by Julian Finney.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2015
Melbourne VIC 3001, Australia
Martina Navratilova poses with the WTA Finals doubles trophy that bears her name as the Woman's Tennis Association announced she would return as an Official Legend Ambassador for the 2015 BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore, presented by SC Global during the Australian Open at Melbourne Park, Australia. Photo by Graham Denholm.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2016
Melbourne VIC 3001, Australia
(From left to right) Kim Clijsters, Martina Navratilova, Evonne Goolagong-Cawley, Chris Evert, and Margaret Court at the Legends Lunch during day thirteen of the Australian Open at Melbourne Park, Australia. Photo by Graham Denholm.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2016
Singapore
Martina Navratilova, as WTA Legend Ambassador, attends a press conference during day 7 of the BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore at Singapore Sports Hub. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Gallery of Martina Navratilova
2017
1 Cluny Rd, Singapore 259569
(From left to right) WTA Legend Ambassadors Martina Navratilova, Arantxa Sanchez Vicario, Iva Majoli, Alicia Molik, Mary Pierce, Kim Clijsters, and Chris Evert during day 6 of the BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore presented by SC Global at Singapore Botanic Gardens. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Achievements
1990
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova kisses the Venus Rosewater Dish after defeating Zina Garrison in their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a forehand return to Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Semi Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Don Morley/Allsport.
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova during competition to progress to the semifinals of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York City. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Martina Navratilova plays tennis on the outdoor grass court at Devonshire Park during the Colgate International Women's Tennis Tournament, Eastbourne. Photo by Bryn Colton.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova holds the Venus Rosewater Dish after defeating Chris Evert-Lloyd in their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a low forehand return to Chris Evert-Lloyd during their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
(From left to right) Wendy Turnbull, Rosie Casals, Martina Navratilova, and Pam Shriver before the Women's Doubles Final at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by David Cannon/Allsport.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova in action competing to progress to reach and win the final of the Ladies' Singles tournament against fellow American Chris Evert-Lloyd 7-6, 6-2 at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Martina Navratilova holds the Suzanne-Lenglen Cup after her victory over Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Final match at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros Stadium in Paris. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Martina Navratilova makes a backhand return against Chris Evert during their Women's Singles Final match at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros Stadium in Paris. Photo by Steve Powell/Allsport.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova holds the Venus Rosewater Dish trophy up in the air after winning the final of the Ladies' Singles tournament against fellow American Chris Evert-Lloyd 4-6, 6-3, 6-2 at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
4 Pennsylvania Plaza, New York, NY 10001, United States
Martina Navratilova holds the trophy after defeating Helena Sukova to win the final of the Virginia Slims Championships Singles tennis tournament, 6-3, 7-5, 6-4, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Martina Navratilova holds her trophy after winning at the Pilkington Glass Championships at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club in Eastbourne. Photo by Jack Kay/Daily Express/Hulton Archive.
Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert-Lloyd (right) with the trophies, after Evert beat Navratilova to win the Women's Singles title at the French Open, Stade Roland Garros, Paris. Photo by Trevor Jones.
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova in action during competition to progress to win the final of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova celebrates winning the Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Steve Powell.
Martina Navratilova during the Women's Singles Semi Final match against Chris Evert at the French Open Tennis Championship at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris. Photo by Trevor Jones.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a return during the Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova of the United States pumps her fist during her Women's Singles Final match against Steffi Graf at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova (right) and Steffi Graf before the final of the Women's Singles tournament at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova kisses the Venus Rosewater Dish after defeating Zina Garrison in their Women's Singles Final match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova makes a return during the Women's Singles Final match against Zina Garrison at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a backhand return during the Women's Singles Final match against Zina Garrison at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Bob Martin.
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova in action competing to reach the final of the U.S. Open Women's Singles tennis tournament at the USTA National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows in New York. Photo by Leo Mason/Popperfoto.
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
Martina Navratilova stretches to make a backhand return during her Women's Singles match against Helena Sukova at the U.S. Open Tennis Championship at the USTA National Tennis Center in the Flushing neighbourhood of Queens in New York City. Photo by Simon Bruty.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova clenches her fists with emotion during her Women's Singles match against Gigi Fernandez at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova and Jonathan Stark of the United States celebrate winning the Mixed Doubles Final match against Gigi Fernandez and Cyril Suk during the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
201 W Atlantic Ave, Delray Beach, FL 33444, United States
Chris Evert (left) and Martina Navratilova at the Chris Evert/Raymond James Pro-Celebrity Tennis Classic at the Delray Beach Tennis Center in Delray Beach, Florida. Photo by Jeff Daly/FilmMagic.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova after meeting Queen Elizabeth II as she attended the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships on Day 4 at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in London. Photo by Oli Scarff/WPA Pool.
Martina Navratilova and Justine Henin of Belgium (right) high five during their doubles match against Steffi Graf and Lindsay Davenport during Hit for Haiti, a charity event during the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, California. Photo by Kevork Djansezian.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna (left) of Czech Republic celebrate winning the Ladies Invitational Doubles Final against Tracy Austin and Kathy Rinaldi-Stunkel of USA on Day Thirteen of the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, London. Photo by Matthew Stockman.
41 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré, 75008 Paris, France
Martina Navratilova attends Annual Photocall for Roland Garros Tennis Players at 'Residence de l'Ambassadeur des Etats-Unis,' Paris. Photo by Bertrand Rindoff Petroff.
R. do Lavradio, 20 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 20230-070, Brazil
Laureus Academy Member Martina Navratilova at the Laureus Welcome Party at the Rio Scenarium during the Laureus World Sports Awards, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Photo by Gareth Cattermole.
201 W Atlantic Ave, Delray Beach, FL 33444, United States
Martina Navratilova participates in 25th Annual Chris Evert/Raymond James Pro-Celebrity Tennis Classic at Delray Beach Tennis Center, Delray Beach, Florida. Photo by Larry Marano.
Flushing Meadow - Corona Park, Flushing, NY 11368, United States
(From left to right) Martina Navratilova, Serena Williams, and Chris Evert after the women's singles final match on Day fourteen of the U.S. Open at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, New York City. Photo by Julian Finney.
Martina Navratilova poses with the WTA Finals doubles trophy that bears her name as the Woman's Tennis Association announced she would return as an Official Legend Ambassador for the 2015 BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore, presented by SC Global during the Australian Open at Melbourne Park, Australia. Photo by Graham Denholm.
(From left to right) Kim Clijsters, Martina Navratilova, Evonne Goolagong-Cawley, Chris Evert, and Margaret Court at the Legends Lunch during day thirteen of the Australian Open at Melbourne Park, Australia. Photo by Graham Denholm.
Martina Navratilova, as WTA Legend Ambassador, attends a press conference during day 7 of the BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore at Singapore Sports Hub. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, speaks with former tennis players Kim Clijsters (second from right) and Martina Navratilova (right) on day one of the Wimbledon Championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, in Wimbledon, London. Photo by Gareth Fuller - WPA Pool.
(From left to right) WTA Legend Ambassadors Martina Navratilova, Arantxa Sanchez Vicario, Iva Majoli, Alicia Molik, Mary Pierce, Kim Clijsters, and Chris Evert during day 6 of the BNP Paribas WTA Finals Singapore presented by SC Global at Singapore Botanic Gardens. Photo by Clive Brunskill.
Church Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19 5AG, United Kingdom
Martina Navratilova during the mixed doubles match between John McEnroe of the United States and his partner Kim Clijsters of Belgium and Martina Navratilova of the United States and Jamie Murray of Great Britain during the Wimbledon No. 1 Court Celebration in support of the Wimbledon Foundation at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, London. Photo by Dan Istitene.
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Martina Navratilova is a former Czechoslovak-born American tennis player. Active since the late 1970s, Navratilova dominated women's tennis throughout the 1980s and set an impressive number of sports records, including 167 victorious singles and 177 victorious doubles championships, and 9 victorious Wimbledon championships. She has also tried her hand at coaching, training Agnieszka Radwańska from 2014 to 2015.
Background
Martina Navratilova, née Subertova, was born on October 18, 1956, in Prague, Czechoslovakia (present-day Czech Republic). She is a daughter of Miroslav Subert, a ski instructor, and Jana Subertova, a gymnast, tennis player, and ski instructor. Martina's step-dad, Miroslav Navratil, a tennis coach, fathered her half-brother and half-sister, Jana.
Education
Martina Navratilova's parents broke up officially when she was a three-year-old girl. After that, her mother took up residency in the suburb of Revnice where Martina spent her childhood, given the care of maternal and paternal grandmothers. A depressive and highly emotional person, Martina's birth father committed suicide soon after the divorce.
Three years after the marriage's demise, Navratilova's mother married a man Miroslav Navratil, and Martina eventually took her stepfather's last name, adding a feminine ending "ova" according to Czech tradition. Martina and her new stepfather got close.
Navratil was the first who noticed his step-daughter's talent. Playing tennis on the family's court one day, he heard the girl, aged four at the time, hitting a ball against the wall. He recognized a promising force and consistency in her hitting and became her first coach. It should be noted that as a child, Martina was actually good at many sports, including hockey and skiing.
By the age of seven, the trainings with step-dad had become regular, and she spent hours on the court to practice the strokes and footwork. In 1965, Martina took part in her first tournament, which proved that she made a right choice. A year later, her stepfather took her to the Czech Tennis Federation, where she began training under George Parma who taught his ward harder serve, that would differ her advantageously from many other competitors who preferred a baseline game.
Career
The start of Martina Navratilova's career can be counted from 1973 when she earned her first adult title at the Czech National Championship. She would maintain that status of the best female tennis player in the nation throughout the next two years.
After being allowed in winter of 1973 to play in the United States, Navratilova, with a chaperone, came to Florida in order to play eight tournaments. Her aggressive style and fierce strokes found the spotlight immediately. However, life in a capitalist country brought not only wealth but problems, which included loneliness and American fast food which caused her to gain twenty pounds in six weeks. Her handlers worried that she became too americanized. Amid all the speculation, Navratilova made it to the quarterfinals of the French Open.
The next year, Martina Navratilova came back to the United States where she reunited with her old coach George Parma, who introduced her to exiled Czech community. Although the tennis player was abroad, the Czech Federation continued to exercise control over her life and career. A movie agent Fred Barman, whose daughter was also competing on the tennis circuit, negotiated with the Czech Federation and attained an 80/20 split for all tournament winnings and endorsement deals, with Navratilova getting the 80 percent.
In 1975, Martina Navratilova received a telegram from the officials of the Czech Sports Federation which demanded that she return home. The athlete decided to defect and after losing to Chris Evert in the semifinals of the U.S. Open at Forest Hills, New York City, she applied for political asylum. Immigration and Naturalization Service in Manhattan approved the application and she got her green card. She became an American citizen in 1981 and for years, the Czech media wouldn't print or broadcast the results of her matches.
Navratilova consolidated herself on the professional women's tennis circuit for good. By the time, there were several women's tennis tournaments. Navratilova's rivalry with the American favorite Chris Evert was highlighted most widely by the media. Martina won a record nine Wimbledon singles titles, four U.S. Open singles titles, and many others. She also excelled in doubles. By 1978, she was No. 1 in the world and would dominate women's tennis until 1986, trading the number one spot with Evert ten times. That same year, the athlete came back to her native country with the United States Federation Cup team. She led the team to victory, that put the Czech government in an uncomfortable situation.
By 1988, Navratilova, who had won 17 Grand Slam titles and earned at least one Grand Slam singles title in seven consecutive years, moved to the second place in the world ranking. Navratilova continued to play singles tennis despite first retirement rumors. Her landmark 1990 Wimbledon victory over Zina Garrison in the final turned to be her last Grand Slam title. She was second to Monica Seles at the U.S. Open in 1991 and to Conchita Martinez at Wimbledon in 1994. That same year, Navratilova dropped her only match, 6-4, 6-2, to Gabriela Sabatini at the season-ending WTA Championships in New York City. After that loss, she officially announced her retirement from sport.
Nevertheless, Navratilova continued to play doubles at the major events. In 1995, she won the mixed doubles title pairing Jonathan Stark at Wimbledon. A second attempt the next year was unsuccessful due to a loss to Lindsay Davenport and Grant Connell.
In 2002, Navratilova came out of retirement to compete in singles at Eastbourne, for the first time in eight years. She won world No. 22, Tatiana Panova, but was then beaten by Daniela Hantuchová in three sets. Mixed doubles titles at the Australian Open and Wimbledon, along with Leander Paes, and a singles victorious match over Catalina Castaño, 6-0 6-1, at the first round of 2004 Wimbledon followed. Martina Navratilova had her last doubles matches at Wimbledon two years later, with Liezel Huber and Mark Knowles as partners.
Since her retirement, Martina Navratilova has commentated major tennis tournaments and has been increasingly active in various social initiatives, including women's and animal rights, underprivileged children, and LGBT issues, with a special emphasis on the latter. She has also tried herself as an author, assisting Liz Nickles in writing of three mystery novels, The Total Zone, Breaking Point, and Killer Instinct. She also co-wrote two books, an autobiography Martina, with a sports columnist George Vecsey, and Tennis My Way, with a former tennis player and sportscaster Mary Carillo. The most recent publication by Navratilova, a health and fitness book Shape Your Self, was issued in 2006. Navratilova trained Polish tennis player Agnieszka Radwańska from December 2014 to April 2015.
A holder of an unsurpassed number of records, Martina Navratilova went down in history of tennis as one of its greatest athletes.
Navratilova is the only tennis player to have kept world No. 1 in both singles and doubles for over 200 weeks. The total number of her year-end singles No. 1 achieved seven (including five years in a row), and the total number of year-end doubles No. 1 achieved five (including three years in a row when the record was held for the entire year).
Navratilova won 1,442 single matches over total of 1661, and earned 167 WTA titles, including 18 Grand Slams Singles. The statistics of double matches is no less impressive: 747 victorious matches over total of 890, 177 WTA titles, including 31 Grand Slams Doubles. The total number of 59 major Grand Slam titles, including 10 major mixed doubles, is still unsurpassed by any male or female in the history of the Open Era. This is far not full list of Navratilova's professional achievements for the career which lasted four decades and provided the athlete with more than $20 million prize money, second only to men's players Ivan Lendl and Pete Sampras.
Marina Navratilova is a seven-time winner of the Women's Tennis Association Player of the Year and a six-time International Tennis Federation World Champion. Inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2000, she became the first female athlete, three years later, who received the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2006, Navratilova was given Czech Sport Legend Award and was featured in the 2013 BBC 100 Women list.
In the 1980s, she was named the Female Athlete of the Decade by the National Sports Review and selected as the greatest female tennis player since 1975 by Tennis magazine in 2005. The Associated Press's "Female Athlete of the Year" and the inclusion in "Top Forty Athletes of All-Time" by Sports Illustrated are also to her credit.
Navratilova dominated professional tennis with her athleticism, unsurpassed serve, and volley style. Her devotion to physical fitness made a revolution in the game as other female players began to apply strength training to remain competitive. Her training program, elaborated within so called Team Navratilova which included a trainer, coach, and nutritionist, became a standard in both men's and women's tennis in the 1990s.
Martina Navratilova denied any political subtext in her decision to defect to the United States in 1974. However, the political side of the story became evident in the summer of 1986, during her first return to Czechoslovakia after she defected and received American citezenship in 1981. A representative of the United States in the Federation Cup in Prague, Navratilova was the major media object as soon as she stepped off the plane. The victory of her American team gained her a status of favorite among the fans, in contrast to the Czech tennis officials.
Navratilova was strongly against Colorado's 1992 Amendment 2, which declared antidiscrimination ordinances protecting LGB people out of law. The athlete, along with the American Civil Liberties Union, challenged the amendment approved by the local voters. In 1996 the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Amendment was unconstitutional.
Views
Martina Navratilova has made no secret of her homosexuality when reports of her sexual orientation surfaced in the media. Since then, the athlete ultimately became a champion of LGBT rights and frankly challenged sexism and heterosexism. She confronted the press about their portrayal of basketball legend Magic Johnson as a hero when he admitted that he contracted HIV through countless heterosexual contacts. Navratilova asserted that an HIV-positive woman admitting to similar sexual escapades would be labeled immoral and would lose her corporate sponsorships. She expressed the same indignation and condemned the homophobic nature of comments in the case of Margaret Court's 1990 proclamation that lesbians were bad role models and Jelena Dokic's father Damir's 2002 statement that he would commit suicide if his daughter was a lesbian.
Navratilova's involvement in LGBT culture resulted in her participation in many historic and significant gatherings of the community. The 1993 March on Washington became the first major LGBT event for her. It inspired the athlete to establish the Visa "Rainbow Card," the main goal of which is to raise funds for LGBT nonprofit causes, such as civil rights issues, HIV/AIDS, and breast cancer research. The 1998 Gay Games in Amsterdam and the Millennium March in 2000 were realized with her active participation. She was the first out lesbian athlete to be a spokesperson for a national Subaru advertising campaign.
Navratilova remains active today with charities that help disadvantaged children and animal rights as well. She has raised funds for women's support centers, the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, and female political candidates. She has also been a visible supporter of the environment and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). She also organizes workshops for children who demonstrate the best potential for tennis.
Quotations:
"You know, people have been putting limitations on me for a long time. First I was too young, then I was too old. It was a very short period of time that I was just right… You can't go based on what anyone else says. If I did that, I would never have left Czechoslovakia and you would have never heard of me."
"I think the key is for women not to set any limits."
"I'm not very psychologically oriented and I have no idea how I was affected by my real father's abandonment, the secrets and the suicide, or my feeling about being a misfit, a skinny little tomboy with short hair. In Czechoslovakia, nobody ever put me down for running around with boys, playing ice hockey and soccer. From what I've been told, people in the States used to think that if girls were good at sports, their sexuality would be affected."
"I never thought there was anything strange about being gay. Even when I thought about it, I never panicked and thought, 'Oh, I'm strange, I'm weird, what do I do now?'"
Personality
Martina Navratilova has repeatedly demonstrated her determination and motivation as well as willingness to shape her future for herself not only in sports, but as a social activist. Her forthrightness in the discussion of the sometimes taboo subject of lesbian love in interviews and in her autobiography has been praised. Even in terms of tennis, she has been unique in that she has shown more willingness than others of her generation to seek technical, physical, and emotional coaching from other persons inside and outside her sport.
Physical Characteristics:
A southpaw Martina Navratilova is 1.73 meters tall.
Quotes from others about the person
Mary Carillo, sportscaster and former tennis player: "I'm not saying she's the first to do it. Margaret Court did it and Billie Jean King did it. But when Martina did it, everybody followed her lead. A lot of players now go to sports psychologists. Martina soared so far beyond everybody else, the only thing to do was to follow her lead. She did more than dominate the early 1980s. She set a whole new standard. She changed her diet and her fitness status. She made it scientific. She made it specific."
Shirley Brasher, former tennis player: "The pattern of attack is a vital factor in Martina's supremacy. She gives her opponents no time to find their own rhythm, no time to play at a safe speed. Instead, she rushes them and pushes them around the court, hitting out for the lines and blanketing the next with her reach, power and speed."
John Ed Bradley, author: "She has evolved in the eyes of many into a strong-armed automaton with a mean top spin forehand and a tough, insensitive attitude that has wiped clean the memory of her emotional loss to Tracy Austin in the 1981 U.S. Open. Has the world forgotten that she wept violently at center court after dropping the third-set tie breaker?"
Frank Deford, sportwriter and novelist: "Through all her transformations-of body, hair, clothes, glasses, nationalities, coaches, loversthe one thing, ever the same, ever distinct, is her voice, which is pitched to shatter a champagne flute. It brought forth sounds of decency and forthrightness, leavened with wit and compassion. Tennis was very blessed to have such a voice for so long, for these times."
Bud Collins, journalist and sportcaster: "Nobody, ever, has had such a glittering trove of numbers."
Connections
Martina Navratilova revealed her bisexuality in 1981. At the moment of the statement, a former basketball player Nancy Lieberman was her girlfriend, and before, she had had relationship with Rita Mae Brown.
Navratilova's affair with author Judy Nelson started in 1984. It ended up seven years later by lawsuit, broadcasted on TV, and was solved extrajudicially. On December 15, 2014, Martina Navratilova married a Russian businesswoman Julia Lemigova.
Father:
Miroslav Kamil Subert
(died 1959)
Miroslav Subert was called Mirek by his relatives and friends.
Mother:
Jana Navratilova
(née Semanska; Subertova by first marriage)
stepfather:
Miroslav Navratil
half-sister:
Jana Navratilova
(born 1963)
Jana Navratilova was born to Martina's stepfather Miroslav Navratil and Jana Subertova.
grandmother:
Agnes Semanska
An amateur tennis player before World War II, Semanska was ranked No. 2 among Czech female players.
Wife:
Julia Lemigova
(born June 26, 1972)
As a model, Lemigova earned the title of Miss USSR in 1990.
Trainee:
Agnieszka Radwańska
(born March 6, 1989)
A former professional tennis player, Radwańska earned twenty career singles titles and became world No. 2 single player in July 2012. She is a six-time recipient of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Fan Favourite Award.
girlfriend:
Rita Mae Brown
(born November 28, 1944)
An active participant of several civil rights campaigns, Brown has authored an autobiography titled Rubyfruit Jungle. She is a recipient of the Pioneer Award for lifetime achievement at the Lambda Literary Awards.
girlfriend:
Nancy Lieberman
(born July 1, 1958)
A former professional basketball player, Lieberman has served as a broadcaster for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and head coach of Power, a team in the BIG3.
girlfriend:
Judy Nelson
Judy Nelson described her relationship with Navratilova and events after the breakup in a couple of books, Love Match: Nelson vs. Navratilova and Choices: My Journey After Leaving My Husband for Martina and a Lesbian Life.
Friend:
Chris Evert
(Evert Lloyd by marriage, 1979-1987; born December 21, 1954)
During her career, Evert earned the title of world No. 1 tennis player, was a singles champion 157 times and doubles champion 32 times. 18 Grand Slam singles and three doubles titles are also to her credit.
Martina: The Lives and Times of Martina Navratilova
A biography of the greatest female tennis player of all time, chronicling her personal and professional life from her childhood in communist Czechoslovakia, to her nine Wimbledon singles titles, her lesbian relationships, and her retirement from tennis.
Martina Navratilova: The Story
The programme takes an in-depth look at Navratilova's life and career giving a rare insight into a true sporting legend, through match footage and interviews with tennis legends Pam Shriver, Chris Evert, and Billie Jean King.