Background
Abramovitz was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States on May 23, 1908; the son of Benjamin and Sophia (Maimon) Abramovitz.
Abramovitz was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States on May 23, 1908; the son of Benjamin and Sophia (Maimon) Abramovitz.
He received a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois at Champagne-Urbana, in 1929. After college, he moved to New York City where he attended Columbia University, and earned a Master of Science degree in 1931.
Abramovitz received a fellowship from Columbia University to study at the world famous École des Beaux Arts in Paris for the next two years.
Abramovitz also received an honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts from the University of Illinois in 1970.
Abramovitz first began to work in the architectural office of Harrison during his time at the Columbia University, as part of an apprentice team from the university. It was an excellent opportunity for Abramovitz because Harrison had recently made a name for himself as a key architect in the design of Rockefeller Plaza. After finishing his studies he rejoined Harrison, who had just opened a new architectural office at Rockefeller Plaza. The field of architecture at the time was in a depression, along with the rest of America, but the members of Harrison's firm used ingenuity to stay busy. They spent some of their time entering competitions, and even came up with a scheme to redesign Central Park in New York. It was around this time that Harrison became partners with the French architect, André Fouilhoux. The three architects - Harrison, Fouilhoux, and Abramovitz - would soon form a partnership, which would significantly influence twentieth century architecture.
In 1936, Abramovitz was assigned to develop the final drawings of the elegant art deco designs of the Rockefeller Apartments at 17 West Fifty-fourth Street, in Manhattan. In November of that same year, the firm of Harrison & Fouilhoux won a contract to design the Theme Center for the upcoming 1939 New York World's Fair. Abramovitz was assigned to the project. He worked intensively as part of a design team which included Harrison. The architects came up with a futuristic exhibit consisting of a 610-foot vertical spike, called the Trylon, and a 180-foot diameter globe, called the Perisphere. The Perisphere housed the exhibit, where visitors entered by means of "the world's longest escalator, " and exited down a 950-foot ramp, called the Helicline.
Abramovitz became partners with Harrison and Fouilhoux in 1941. The partnership continued until Fouilhoux's death in 1945, after which Abramovitz and Harrison remained partners until 1976.
Between 1939 and 1942, the partners, Abramovitz and Harrison, were both employed as associate professors at Yale University. The two men were credited with revitalizing the study of architecture by introducing "new academism, " a modernist approach, in place of the classical École des Beaux Arts school of thought that permeated architectural schools in the United States at the time.
In 1941, with the outbreak of World War II, Abramovitz enlisted in the U. S. Army. He served as a colonel and designed military installations in China. He served the government until 1952, at which time he was made a special assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force.
Back in New York, the partnership of Abramovitz and Harrison survived the war, and the country moved into a post-war business boom. The Harrison & Abramovitz architectural firm was already renowned for its neoclassical designs and for its ability to manage expansive buildings and large projects. It came as no surprise that the two architects were asked to oversee the project to build the United Nations (UN) headquarters in New York City, from 1947-52. Abramovitz was named deputy director of the UN Headquarters Planning Office. The international design team included Oscar Niemeyer of Brazil, Le Corbusier from Switzerland, plus noted professionals from China, France, Russia, and England.
In 1953, shortly after the completion of the UN complex, the firm was contracted to design the Alcoa Building in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The architects were instructed to do something that had never before been done: to design the huge building entirely of aluminum, except for the structural steel. The 30-story building, made of pre-fabricated, pressed aluminum panels, was the first aluminum skyscraper.
In 1955, Abramovitz contracted to design three chapels at Brandeis University. This was the same year that an Exploratory Committee was assembled to develop Lincoln Square in New York.
In 1958, Abramovitz was officially designated to design the Philharmonic Hall for what would be the new Lincoln Center in New York. Abramovitz's Philharmonic Hall, which was renamed as the Avery Fisher Music Hall in 1973, was perhaps Abramovitz's most recognizable design. Along with Abramovitz, the Lincoln Center project team involved many of the most respected architects of the twentieth century: Ralph Bunshaft, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and Philip Johnson. The public mood altered dramatically between the conception of the center and its completion in 1966, and this affected the final design.
The year 1963 saw the opening of another of Abramovitz's unique designs, the Assembly Hall of the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana. The building featured one of the largest edge-supported domes in the world (400 feet in diameter, 128 feet above ground).
In the late 1950s, New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller began planting the seeds for a massive complex of administrative offices for the state to be constructed in Albany. The mall, which was known as the Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza, was eventually completed after eighteen years and nearly one billion dollars had been expended. The project did not go forward until the 1970s, when the firm of Harrison & Abramovitz was contracted to design the mall. It was not clear what happened, but the Albany Mall project somehow signaled the end of the 35-year partnership between Abramovitz and Harrison. Abramovitz spent much of his time working independently, away from New York for the duration of the mall project. Then, in 1976, Harrison quietly moved his belongings and equipment to a private office and the grand partnership ended. Abramovitz reorganized his business interests into the New York City firm of Abramovitz-Harris-Kingsland. The firm turned over once more in 1985, and became Abramovitz-Kingsland-Schiff.
Abramovitz was chairman of the board of the Regional Planning Association from 1966-68 and assumed a directorship of that association in 1968.
He was governor of the New York Building Congress from 1957-64 and served as a trustee at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City.
He was the author of two books and a number of articles.
Quotations: "Lincoln Center was to be the biggest and best of its kind in America. .. . Such an undertaking created a feeling of unlimited possibilities. The staff . .. threw in every technical and design innovation they could think of. The sky was the limit. Then realistic estimates came in. "
Abramovitz was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects, and a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. In addition, he was a member of the Architectural League of New York, and a member of the Century Association of New York City.
On September 4, 1937, Abramovitz married Anne Marie Causey. They had two children: Michael and Katherine. The couple divorced in 1964, and Abramovitz married Anita Zeltner Brooks on February 29, 1964.